BIO152H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Hemoglobin, Glutamic Acid, Valine
Document Summary
All living organisms contain large molecules: proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids. It"s the (cid:373)ole(cid:272)ules that ru(cid:374) a(cid:374) orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)"s (cid:271)ody. Monosaccharide: consists of one subunit, one monomer of sugar. Glycogen: energy storage in animals, (stored in liver, muscle) Cellulose: found in cell walls of plants (structure of plants as well) Cellulose: most abundant compound on earth, derived from plant material and not considered a nutrient. Helps in digestion, gets rid of toxins, cleans the system and is important in preventing colon cancer. Chitin: used to protect the body of a certain species (found in exoskeleton) Glycoproteins: carbohydrates attached to a protein and are an identity badge for cells. Dehydration synthesis: removal of water from a polypeptide chain, this leaves space to attach another amino acid, which will make the peptide larger. Hydration/hydrolysis: addition of water, divide long chains into smaller ones. Importance: each protein has a unique 3d structure that is specific for its function.
