BIO304H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Apoptosis, Exocytosis, Antiporter

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22 Jan 2019
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Main purpose of neuron is to send nt. When signal invades nerve terminal we have openings where calcium comes in and binds to proteins that let vesicles fuse with membrane to secrete into ecf environment. It binds to postsynaptic ach receptors which open and let sodium into muscle cell. Binds oxygen atoms (i. e. carboxyl and carbonyl groups on amino acids) Causes conformational changes in proteins (good for signalling or activating mechanical processes) E. g. vesicle exocytosis, muscle contraction, activating other ion channels, changes in gene expression, apoptosis, intracellular signaling. It precipitates phosphates (capo4), which can accumulate and become toxic. Thus, cytoplasmic ca2+ is kept at very low levels. This makes ca2+ a good transient cytoplasmic signaling molecule. Calcium binds to protein, draw e from protein to itself and pulling it away and will cause conformational change in protein. Every time calcium binds to a specific protein, it can change its conformation and make it do something different.