BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4, Morning Sickness, Ultrabithorax
Document Summary
Topics: role of development in macroevolution and the generation of diversity differential gene expression and transcription factors the animal toolkit . Process of development: how do we go from a single cell to an adult? fertilized cells all look alike! Ontogeny (development) is a combination and integration of 3 processes: growth (increase in cell number through cell division), cell differentiation (diversification of cell types), and cell organization (morphogenesis, or generation of form). Morphogenesis also depends on apoptosis (programmed cell death). Dolly cloned from differentiated mammary cell thus, differentiation does not alter nuclear genome, but expression of genes differentiation depends on differential gene expression. How do cells express different genes? different genes are turned on and. Off in different cells requires a class of genes: regulatory genes (developmental control genes) most encode transcription factors (proteins that control the transcription of a gene)
