BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Gametophyte, Synapomorphy, Phylogenetic Tree
Document Summary
Do all assigned readings (don"t need to know the major groups of bacteria and archaea. Land plants had to adjust to reproduction on land. Plants have an alternation of generations that switches between diploid and haploid (but both are multicellular) In water, spores are easily spread by water. The sporophyte just has to release the spores and allow them to spread. Bryophytes still require water even though they are land plants. Without water, the sperm cannot leave and achieve fertilization. Stoneworts: one of the oldest ancestors of land plants. Female and male gametes in structures specific to those sexes. Typically in protists, when two gametes fertilize each other, the zygote is released but in stoneworts, it does not separate from the parent plant. Fertilizaton happens towards the end of the summer and the parent plant dies. In spring, the zygote starts meiosis and produces spores. Specialized reproductive organs ex: gametangia (the structures for produces gametes) have two types:
