BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Archaea, Pterosaur
Document Summary
Aristotle (384-322bce) - first to distinguish b/w kingdom of plants & animals. Modern system is a bit more complicated: domain of bacteria and archaea and eukaraya. Classification based on similarity - start off with what kingdom/domain they belong to. Always have genus name and canas/lupus to have worldwide clear scientific names. Biologists have strange/funny names for different species. Groups aka taxon (or taxa for plural) that can be genus or species. Node - branching point (point of evolutionary change) Can detect how close species are related to each other. Birds: go from ancient times on bottom to modern times on top. The groups above are more closely related as they are closely clustered together by their branches. ?7 species of canus in group = genus. Phenetic approach: calculation of overall similarities on computer given all genetic info. Cladistic apprach: based on synapomorphies (=characters shared by groups of organisms but not by distant common ancestor)
