BIO211H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Biogeochemical Cycle, Metamorphic Rock, Calcium Carbonate

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viridiancockroach622

22 Oct 2012

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Thus far, we haven"t spoken a lot about metamorphic rock. Because it is rock that has been altered by temperature and pressure, it is not good for building a geologic time scale. It is composed of rock that often times has minerals that have partially or completely re-crystallized. Things like the magnetic signature have been erased. Within the geologic time scale, we have eons, eras, periods, and epochs. We"re constantly tweaking ages and dates as we discover and study more rocks. We"ll talk about biogeochemical cycles and the origin of life. That is to say, within the envelope of earth, within the atmosphere, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, and the biosphere, the elements that compose earth, the actual atoms, do not leave earth, with very rare exceptions. Nothing achieves the velocity necessary to escape the planet. We have a total budget of elements, of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and all the way down to the rare earth elements.

Related Questions

Match each important characteristic or process of Titan'satmosphere with the gas(es) and/or mechanism(s) that are thought tobe responsible.

A. Titan experiences clouds, rainfall, evaporation, and ice -the three phases of methane - as on Earth we experience the threephases of water, due to...

B. Atmospheric methane lost to photodissociation and otherchemical reactions must be replaced from...

C. Nitrogen, N2, is the dominant gas. The nitrogen comesfrom...

D. The temperature profile with altitude includes an inversionproducing a stratosphere, as on Earth (and no other planets). Thesource of heat in the upper atmosphere is...

E. An orange "tholin haze" colors the lower atmosphere. The hazeis due to...

F. Hydrogen is produced by photodissociation of methane but isnot observed in the atmosphere because of...

Micron-sized particles of hydrocarbons and other organicmolecules, formed via photochemical reactions in the upperatmosphere.

Dissociation of ammonia, NH3, incorporated in Titan at itsformation.

Absorption of sunlight by methane, CH4, in the upperatmosphere.

The surface temperature and pressure of Titan being close to thetriple point of methane.

Evaporation of methane from surface lakes on short timescales,and release from Titan's interior via volcanic processes ongeological timescales.

Thermal escape processes, with light gases moving so quicklythey escape Titan's weak gravity.

lilaczebra929

1.) Oceans cover approximately _____ % of the earth'ssurface.
a. [20] b. [50] c. [70] d. [85]

2.) What type of rock is the ocean floor made ofprimarily?
a. [Granite] b. [Schist] c. [Marble] d. [Basalt]

3.) What description below best explains the continentalshelf?
a. [The geological edge of the continent and is where the continentdrops off to the deep ocean floor]
b. [A wedge of sediment that sits at the base of the continent onthe ocean floor]
c. [The flat and mostly submerged part of the continent]

4.) What description below best explains the continentalslope?
a. [The geological edge of the continent and is where the continentdrops off to the deep ocean floor]
b. [A wedge of sediment that sits at the base of the continent onthe ocean floor]
c. [The flat and mostly submerged part of the continent]

5.) What description below best explains the continentalrise?
a. [The geological edge of the continent and is where the continentdrops off to the deep ocean floor]
b. [A wedge of sediment that sits at the base of the continent onthe ocean floor]
c. [The flat and mostly submerged part of the continent]

6.) Where does the sediment that makes up the continental risecome from?
a. [Continents via Rivers] b. [From the Ocean Floor] c. [Volcanoes]d. [Hawaii]

7.) Which of the choices below is the term that is used to referto a remarkably flat, deep and fine sediment-covered ocean floorthat sits between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-oceanridge?
a. [Continental shelf]
b. [Guyot]
c. [Abyssal plain]
d. [Continental slope]

8.) When magma comes up to the surface along the mid-oceanridges of the world, it displaces the newly created rock above itto either side of the ridge. As this process continues over time,what age pattern does the ocean floor eventually exhibit?
a. [Rock will be older as you move away from the ridge]
b. [Rock will be younger as you move away from the ridge]
c. [The age of the rock will not change as you move away from theridge]

9.) Scientists know that new lithosphere is constantly beingcreated at the mid-ocean ridges. However, the Earth is not gettinglarger in size. This means that lithosphere is getting recycledelsewhere. Where does the majority of this older lithosphere endup? Choose the best answer below:
a. [It is assimilated into the mantle]
b. [It is assimilated into the asthenosphere]
c. [It is disintegrated at the plate boundary before itsubducts]
d. [The Earth actually is getting larger in size. Lithosphere isnot being recycled]

Comment

lemonelephant722

2.) What type of rock is the ocean floor made ofprimarily?
a. [Granite] b. [Schist] c. [Marble] d. [Basalt]

6.) Where does the sediment that makes up the continental risecome from?
a. [Continents via Rivers] b. [From the Ocean Floor] c. [Volcanoes]d. [Hawaii]

silvergrasshopper954

BIO211H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Biogeochemical Cycle, Metamorphic Rock, Calcium Carbonate

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