CHM120H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Effective Nuclear Charge, Covalent Bond, Vsepr Theory

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24 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
At. Structure, vsepr, bonding
Penetration of orbitals
An electron in an s orbital has a finite, albeit very
small, probability of being located quite close to the
nucleus.
We say that the s orbital is more penetrating than the
p or d orbitals, meaning that an electron in an s orbital
has a greater chance of being located close to the
nucleus than an electron in a p or d orbital.
Molecules and Complex Ions Observations to be
Explained
Normal Valency
Bond Angles, Molecular Shapes
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Document Summary

An electron in an s orbital has a finite, albeit very small, probability of being located quite close to the nucleus. = the number of unpaired valence shell electrons. = (the group no. ) or (8 the group no. ) using the old group notations. Effective nuclear charge: that experienced by an electron in a multi-electron atom, typically less for electrons that are shielded by core electrons. Nucleus: the positively charged central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons. Core electrons: those that are not part of the valence shell and as such, are not involved in bonding. Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory: a set of rules used to predict the shape of individual molecules. Cation: a positively charged ion, as opposed to an anion. Valence shell: the outermost shell of electrons in an atom; these electrons take part in bonding with other atoms.

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