CHM333H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Intramolecular Reaction, Transition State Theory, Reagent
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Example - active site of tyrosinase: enzymes. Properties as catalysts a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Affect rate constant k but not equilibrium constant k. Cofactor: material that is required for enzyme to function but not part of enzyme. Prosthetic group: cofactor that binds tightly to enzyme. Isoenzymes: different forms of enzyme which catalyze the same reaction. 2. 7 hexokinase: acts on phosphate; adds phosphate to glucose c. 4. 1 aconitase: acts on or forms c=c bonds e. Ligases: catalyze formation of new c-x bonds coupled with ntp hydrolysis. Closer proximity => higher probability of collisions and increased rate of reaction. Example k1 = 20 m-1min-1; k2 = 1. 2 x 106 min-1. Rate = k1 [ester][amide] = 20 m-1min-1(10-3)(10-3) = 2 x 10-5 m min-1. To get same rate for intramolecular reaction, need much smaller concentration of reactant: [reactant] = 2 x 10-5 m min-1/ 1. 2 x 106 min-1 = 1. 7 x 10-11 m.