ENV100Y5 Lecture : env100 note 58.docx
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QUESTION 3
Which of the following would NOT be a good method for sortingout the evolutionary relationships between a parrot, gorilla,hippopotamus, starfish, and catfish?
comparing the skeletal anatomy | ||
examining the habitat in which these organisms live | ||
looking at embryos for common developmental patterns | ||
comparing the nucleotide sequence divergence of selectedgenes | ||
all of the above would provide useful information |
10 points
QUESTION 4
Which of these habitats should have the highest number ofendemic species (found there and nowhere else).
grasslands of the central United States | ||
Hawaiian islands | ||
Amazonian rainforest basin | ||
Mississippi river |
10 points
QUESTION 5
Darwin's concept of evolution "the theory of descent withmodification through variation and natural selection" can bedemonstrated by which of the following examples?
A giraffe stretches his neck to reach higher branches. Theexercise of stretching up strengthens the muscles in the neck andlegs. This ability to stretch is also seen in the giraffe'soffspring. | ||
A monkey accidently drops her fruit in the salty water of a bay,she recovers the fruit and eats it. She discovers that the fruit iscleaner and tastes better after it has been in the salty water. Shecontinues to wash fruit in the bay before eating. Her offspring seewhat she has done and also wash their fruit in the salty water.Soon the whole population is washing their fruit | ||
Several turtles hatch from a clutch of eggs buried in the sandon a beach. One of the turtles is the color of the sand, the othersare darker in color. The turtles all scurry to the water, but oneby one the dark turtles are eaten by birds, only the sand coloredturtle survives. When it enters the water the sand color changes toa darker brown. The turtle grows, mates and has offspring that arealso sand colored when they are born | ||
A female alligator gives birth to a male alligator that has theability to change color to a bright white when it is in cold water.The baby male alligator is quickly spotted by a large bird of preyand eaten |
10 points
QUESTION 6
During the Beagle journey, Darwin visited islands,allowing him to compare island species with continental species. Interms of framing his theory of evolution, why was thissignificant?
Because the island species had both similarities to theircontinental ancestors and unique adaptations to their islandenvironments | ||
Because the island species no longer shared traits with theircontinental ancestors | ||
Because the species he saw on the islands had not changed fromtheir ancestral continental form | ||
Because the island species had very low reproductive andsurvival rates as compared with their continental ancestors |
Question 5
The majority of water found on Earth is | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
____________ Question 13
______________ 20
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Question 402 pts
You go on an expedition to the mountain forests of the remote island of Halmahera, Indonesia. You discover a new species of arboreal primate that is only found deep in the forest. It is endemic to a single mountain range and is found nowhere else. Logging companies are beginning to explore the area and may start building roads soon in order to provide access to the remote forest for logging.
What effects could road building have on the primate population within the next 10 years?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY (You may need to select more than one answer)
Higher light penetration and lower relative humidity could make areas alongside the roads less suitable for the primates |
The likelihood of contracting a new disease would increase in the primate population |
Speciation could occur so that populations in isolated forest fragments could split into different species |
Its population could increase because of the greater availability of forest edges for foraging |
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Question 412 pts
Which of the below is NOT an example of an ecosystem service?
Pollination of crops by native bees |
Revenue generated by clear-cutting of tropical dry forest |
The presence of an intact forest maintaining constant water flow in streams throughout the dry season in a tropical region |
Rainforest trees removing carbon from the atmosphere |
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Question 422 pts
Climate change must be factored into the design of new conservation areas and in new land acquisitions made by current reserves. Which of the below types of habitat would be given highest priority for conservation in light of climate change?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY (You may need to select more than one answer)
Small isolated patches of habitat |
Long and narrow areas of habitat that are oriented parallel to latitude |
Patches of habitat that join existing conservation areas |
Elevational gradients |
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Question 432 pts
The Ngorongoro Crater lion population in Tanzania is isolated from nearby Serengeti lion populations. In 1962, the population crashed due to disease, dropping from 90 individuals to less than 20. The population of lions today is currently exhibiting a high rate of sperm abnormalities, which are rare outside the crater population. What is the likely cause of this?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY (You may need to select more than one answer)
Matings between closely related individuals |
Natural selection for fitter sperm phenotypes |
Radiation from the crater that is causing new mutations |
Lower genetic diversity than normal populations of lions due to a population bottleneck in 1962 |
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Question 442 pts
What is considered to be the most likely hypothesis for the cause of the extinction of the Pleistocene megafauna?
Hunting by early humans |
An asteroid collision that changed the climate |
Massive volcanic eruptions that strengthened the greenhouse effect and led to global warming |
The global radiation of marsupial mammals that outcompeted the megafauna and made them go extinct |
Will rate when all are answered.