ENV100Y5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Homo Sapiens, Neanderthal Extinction, Ecological Footprint
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Homo sapiens evolved to anatomically modern humans in africa, migrated. Interbred with homo sapiens, competition contributed to neanderthal extinction. Genetically highly homogenous compared to other species: due to population size, total catastrophe. New technologies increase in number/better tools to hunt. Agriculture led to increase in growth rate of the human population, but small initial numbers meant growth rate is low. Black death pandemic reduced population from 450-350 million, took 200 years to recover. Many individuals in young age groups results in high reproduction and rapid population growth. Malthus: when population is unchecked, increases in a geometrical (exponential) ratio, while food/resources only grow at a arithmetical ratio (linear) He is wrong on one point: resource availability has greatly increased due to technology advances. People have managed to make decisions that give them some measure of control over population growth. Impact (i) on the environment is the interaction of. Affluence (a) = greater per capita resource use.
