GGR361H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Tokenism, Nimby
Document Summary
Reality of contemporary planning: participation, ethics and values in planning. Degrees of, and problems with, public involvement. Theoretical foundations of ethnics in public decision-making. We (cid:449)a(cid:374)t real (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)u(cid:374)it(cid:455) parti(cid:272)ipatio(cid:374) i(cid:374) this de(cid:272)isio(cid:374). Since early 1970s- reforms of the process to require public input rules regarding public notice, meeting, complaints and citizen challenges. Citizen action comities intended to get people out to say what they want. It changed the way planning was done citizen residents became planners through these public meetings. The (cid:1012)(cid:1004)"s (cid:271)e(cid:272)a(cid:373)e a ti(cid:373)e (cid:449)here they were looking for stakeholders and interest groups. Planner added feature as facilitator and negotiator. Pla(cid:374)(cid:374)ers (cid:449)ere(cid:374)"t the o(cid:374)es to propose (cid:373)ajor (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge. It led to huge growth and voice that residents have. All public hearings planners wanted citizens to protest their plans. O(cid:448)er the (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1012)(cid:1004)"s a(cid:374)d (cid:1013)(cid:1004)"s, (cid:272)itize(cid:374)s (cid:271)e(cid:272)a(cid:373)e i(cid:374)(cid:272)reasi(cid:374)gl(cid:455) (cid:448)o(cid:272)al i(cid:374) tr(cid:455)i(cid:374)g to stop pla(cid:374)s. As citizens and local residents noticed that they were becoming powerful, they used that power.
