GGR378H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Lateral Eruption, Crater Lake, Lahar
Document Summary
Types of volcanoes & eruptions: volcanic hazards & impacts, predicting eruptions. Molten rock that flows onto the surface: volcano. Vent through which molten rock and gas escape: volcanic rock. Solidifies quickly above ground: plutonic rock (feeder system) Water + carbon dioxide = 98: pyroclastics: broken-up volcanic particles. Divergent plate boundary rift zones and intraplate hot spots . 8-month eruption from laki fissure and gr msv tn volcano. 14 km3 of basaltic lava and clouds of poisonous hydrofluoric acid. Killed over 50% of iceland"s livestock, leading to famine that killed 25% of the population. Eruption killed over two million people globally. Drop in temperatures due to the sulphur aerosols, caused crop failure, drought. Examples: pacific ring of fire volcanoes mt. Control is difficult: retaining walls, water spray, gas emissions. Co2 ( heavy; accumulates in low areas; causes asphyxiation) H2s, so2, hf, hcl (combine with water to form corrosive acids) Hf, hcn (extremely poisonous: volcanic mudflow = lahar, caused by:
