PHY100H5 Lecture 14: Lecture Unit 14
Document Summary
Chapter 14: the nucleus and radioactivity a new force. Applications: radioactive dating, human exposure, technological risks, and medicine (isotopes, cancer treatment) Rutherford scattering experiment (cid:894)(cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1005)(cid:1005)(cid:895) sho(cid:449)ed that (cid:373)ost of the ato(cid:373)"s (cid:373)ass is concentrated in a tiny region ~10-14 m across. It must be strong and act on a short distance (~10-14 m); it is known as the strong nuclear force. Keeps all of the components of the nucleus together. Elements have unstable nuclei that disintegrate, resulting in radioactive decay. The (cid:374)u(cid:272)leus does(cid:374)"t ha(cid:448)e suffi(cid:272)ie(cid:374)t (cid:271)i(cid:374)di(cid:374)g e(cid:374)ergy to hold all of the components of the internal structure of the nucleus. The nucleus spits out a certain type of particle (alpha, beta, or gamma) to become stable. Gravity (planets, stars, galaxies) the boundaries of forbidden ranges are not etched in stone, the have uncertainties (they are not very precise boundaries, they can fluctuate) High energy due to quantum confinement: trapping within 10-14 m v ~ 0. 1 c (relativistic effects)
