LIN101H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Fricative Consonant, Complementary Distribution, Epenthesis
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LIN101H5 Full Course Notes
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Allophones: slanted brackets, how sounds are produced, how they sound. Phonemes: square brackets, mental, discrete and abstract categories/ representations. Note: nasal sounds have a ~" on top of the nasalized sound. Example: : dental sounds have a " under the sound. Anything after the slash represents under what circumstance the rule is true. Rules are grounded in the physiological properties when speaking, though there is something more abstract about it. Problem solving phonology: look for minimal pairs. If there are minimal pairs, the distribution is contrasting. Different phonemes just the sounds are contrasting. The sounds belong to two different phonemes in that language: otherwise, check environment. Look at the surrounding sounds before and after. _" represents the sound you are listing the environment for. If distribution is predictable, sounds are in complementary distribution: form generalizations that describe the distribution, write rule, check via derivation. Environment for [s] and [t] in the language tongan t.