LIN204H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Dependent Clause, Present Perfect, Future Perfect
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Written s after all singular nouns: the cat"s dish. Written with a simple after most plural nouns, especially when the plural s can"t be heard: five days" work. Create new words by changing the category of the base of the base or changing its meaning, or both. Free morphemes: morphemes that can stand alone as words e. g. , un friend ly. {un-} derivational prefix, attaches to adjectives, not; unkind . {-ly} derivational suffix;attaches to nouns to create adjectives; scholarly, princely e. g. , excluded (bound base, cannot stand alone) {-clude} bound base; verb; to shut "; include inflectional suffix: {-ed} past tense or {-en} past participle. Clude doesn"t have a clear meaning without a prefix, and it is hard to argue that it is itself a morpheme suppletive form/ suppletion. A highly irregular inflected form of another word, so much so that the words don"t look related at all. Without context we cannot determine between they excluded or they have excluded.