PSY310H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Bsc Young Boys, Industrial Revolution
Slide 9
• The other side says it is not the source of all adolescent problems, in fact, we need a separate
youth culture, it promotes healthy development among adolescents
• In this argument, they look at the actual historical changes and prevalence of teen problems
throughout society, they found that throughout time rates of teenage pregnancy fluctuates over
tie as well as other proles, ut that ifluee fro that separate youth ulture has’t
changed
• The family has changed in terms of its functions
o Prior to industrial revolution, the family served all of those needs, but that has changed
o The fact that the family is no longer the place of satisfaction for adolescents of all of these
needs, adolescents have to look outside of the family
• Universalistic norms
o Norms that guide what's right and what's wrong
o Those norms apply to all people and all contexts
o The same rules about what is right and wrong applies to everyone all the time
• Particularistic norms
o Govern what is right and what is wrong, but it depends on the situation, the context
o If the context is different, then the rules can be different
• They argue that in our modern day society with movements towards equality, universalistic norms
is what is dominating our society today
o As a result of that, as a young person growing up, you have to learn what is right and what is
wrong
• With industrialization and modernization and the separate youth culture, adults are no longer as
equipped to socialize these norms in young people
o You need an adolescent peer group that is separate from adults, they get information on
how to become an adult
• According to this argument, it is necessary that it has to be different from adult culture within
society
• There is evidence supporting both sides
Slide 11
• Adolescents look more towards their friends to have fun
o You rely on each other
o Adolescents are more likely to turn to their friends for their companionship and intimacy
needs
o Adolescents look towards their friends to have fun
• Just because adolescents spend more time with their friends and depend more on their friends for
happiness, parents still play an important role
o Parents are the introduction to the relationships with other people as you get older
o The attachments that we form are based on mental representations that we create
o We form these internal working models when we are young, we take them with us as we
get older
o They project their working models onto their peers
• Families help us develop those internal working models that we then use later in life
• Parents also play an indirect role by deciding where to live
o They are indirectly shaping who will become your friends
o Both parents and how they parent are important
o Parents play an important role, directly and indirectly
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