PSY354H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Abdominal Cavity, Bone Density, Pituitary Gland
Document Summary
Lecture 4: sex hormones and the menstrual cycle. Chemical messengers that are released through the bloodstream/tissue fluid affecting target cells. Control stress response, thirst, growth, menstrual cycle, sexual arousal. Berthold"s experiment: studied the effect the removal of hormones have on chicks. Removed testes in chicks and found that reimplanted testes in the abdominal cavity allowed for normal development. Demonstrated the importance of hormones on behaviour. Required for male genital structures to function normally. Effect of androgens in females: excessive facial hair, alopecia, persistent acne. Sex hormones have various effects on women"s body in addition to reproduction and sexuality. In males testosterone converted into estrogen in the brain and testes. Maturation and concentration of sperm in epididymis. Terminates growth at the end of puberty. Protein and peptide hormones: most hormones produced by vertebrates. Bind directly to surface of cells to initiate 2nd messenger systems. Can stimulate the release of monoamine hormones. Small easily passes the blood-brain barrier.
