Lecture'5'
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Hominoids/Hominins'
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Hominoids'
• Lesser'&'greater'apes'
• Y5'Cusp'pattern'(Dentition)'
• Dental'Formula:'2>1>2>3.'
• Large'bodied'
• Quadrapedal'
• Arboreal'
• Tailless'
• Tool'use'
• Locomotion'
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Hominins'
• 5>8'mya'
• Share'98%'DNA'
• Ancestor'of'both'Homo'&'Pan'
• Specialized'Locomotion'
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Bipedality'
• Spine'
• Connection'of'spine'to'head'(FM)'
• Pelvic'positioning'
• Knee'Pattern'
• Foot'morphology'
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• Fossils'–'Combination'of'Primitive'and'derived'traits'together'
• Footprints'
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Climate(
Hominins:'cooling'&'drying'event,'retreat'of'rainforests'(5mya'evolution'of'
bipedalism)'
Hominoid:'adaptive'radiation'
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Australopihecus/Paranthropus'
• ONLY'in'East'&'South'Africa'&'Chad.'
o WHY?'Only'place'we'can'find'fossils'–'Archeological(visibility.'
• Bipedal'when'on'the'ground;'apelike'brains'
• Robust'forms'–'Paranthropus'
• Lumpers'vs.'Splitters'
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• A.#Anamensis*(