ANTC68H3 Lecture : Lecture 5
Document Summary
Cholera: acute intestinal bacterial disease of, vibrio cholerae 01 (classical and el tor biotypes) & 0139, bacteria sensitive to high temperatures, acidity, dry conditions. Interaction with humans probably began with agriculture, as populations grew and: first recorded historical outbreak: 1817, india polluted their water sources with human and domesticated animal waste which created nutrient- rich ecosystems that allowed pathogens to thrive. Innumerable epidemics around the world; end of 20th century some of most extensive epidemics in recent times, esp. during refugee crisis in central africa (rwanda, burundi, dr congo) in. 1994/5: 40,000 cases, case fatality rates exceeding 30% in some areas (limited med facilities); also . 7 successive pandemics; 7th one in 1960s, el tor strain (which later led to 1991 epidemic in peru: may be 8th pandemic in future, with new strain 0139 bengal causing high mortality in south asia in 1992.
