BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Sickle-Cell Disease, Rheumatism, Pleiotropy

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BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes
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BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes
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First law: segregation of alleles: individuals have two versions of a gene but only give one version to their offspring. Second law: independent assortment: when two different genes segregate, they do so independent from each other, dihybrid produces four gametes for the two loci ab, ab, ab, ab all with equal chance. Genes that are close together on homologous chromosomes will not sort independently. We say they are linked or show linkage. Genes that are far apart on homologous chromosomes will sort independently. If genes are far enough that the reciprocal exchange is between the two loci, then the genes will sort independently and follow mendel"s findings. If genes are too close together that there will not always have an exchange occur between them, then they will not sort independently. In humans we have 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes that we call autosomes. Sex chromosomes are specific chromosomes that are different in male and female.

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