BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Gamete, Sister Chromatids, G2 Phase

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9 May 2013

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BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes

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Structure: double helix, twisted ladder, coiled in chromosomes. Function: to contain all of the instructions for life. Dna inside chromosomes, inside the nuclei of the cell. Nucleotide: phosphate + deoxyribose + nitrogenous base pair. Base pairs: pairs of nitrogenous bases, always pairs at and cg. Gene: segment of dna that encodes instructions for protein. Rna retrieves instructions from dna and takes it out to make protein. Dna twists on itself -> twists with histone (beads) -> histones twist to make chromatid. 1 pair sex chromosomes (that define your sex, male xx, female xy) Each pair is homologous same instructions but different messages. Not all living things have the same number of chromosomes. Centromere: middle region of chromosome, attracts spindle fibers. N: haploid: # of unique chromosomes -> human is 23. Chromosome -> (before mitosis, copies in s phase) -> called sister chromatids when centromere is added. Homologs: single chromosomes that are similar but not the same to another homolog.

Related Questions

1. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

Nucleic acid structure

2. In transcription, uracil will bond with:

thymine

cytosine

adenine

guanine

Transcription

3. The first team of scientist to document the structure of DNA was:

Franklin and Wilkins

Watson and Crick

Pauling and Chargoff

None of the above

DNA structure

4. Organelles that synthesize protein are:

lysosomes

ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

5. Most of the time in a cell's life, it's DNA is in the form of:

Chromatin

Chromatids

Replicated chromosomes

Spindle fibers

6. Uracil is a nitrogen base that pairs with adenine. Using this information, one could conclude that uracil is a:

Purine

Pyrimidine

Neither a purine or pyrimidine

Not enough information

7. a nucleotide does not consist of a:

polymerase

5-carbon sugar

phosphate group

nitrogen base

8. The genetic code in DNA of an individual depends on the sequence (order) of:

nucleotides

purines only

phosphates

sugars

9. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as:

translation

transformation

transcription

replication

10. The basic unit (building block) of a protein is a (an):

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

hydrogen bond

11. Unlike DNA, RNA contains:

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

12. The structure of DNA was first documented in:

1945

1953

1956

1962

13. In DNA replication, the new molecules produced are:

of unequal length

both assembled in the same direction

built with purines as the backbone

assembled in opposite directions

DNA replication

14. The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

DNA structure

15. RNA differs from DNA in which of the following ways?

RNA is single-stranded

RNA contains ribose

RNA does not contain thymine

All of the above

DNA structure

16. Which of the following is NOT required for the transcription process itself?

RNA polymerase

DNA

uracil-containing nucleotides

ribosomes

skyhamster121

BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Gamete, Sister Chromatids, G2 Phase

BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes

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