🏷️ LIMITED TIME OFFER: GET 20% OFF GRADE+ YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION →
Log in
HomeClass Notes1,200,000CA670,000

BIOA02H3 Lecture 5: Lecture 5 - Hearts and Circulatory Systems Notes

28 views6 pages
School
UTSC
Department
Biological Sciences
Course
BIOA02H3
Professor
varies

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

hans15149 and 39222 others unlocked
BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
43
BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
43 documents

Document Summary

There are two general classification of circulatory systems, open and closed. Which are defined whether or not blood vessels coming from the heart are going back to the heart to form a continuous circuit. Or whether the hemolenght that in pumped in the case of an open circulatory system it dumped into extracellular fluid or into sinuses. The crocodilian heart is the closest to a mammalian heart of any other lower animal. In the broad sense the circulatory system could be described as open or closed. In a closed system there is a complete loop of vessels or tubes going from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart. There is no break in the circuit; the fluid is blood and it is always flowing through a vessel (eg. artery, vein, venual, capillary. ) All of the circulatory fluid is contained within the system. Sometimes fluid leeks across the capillaries, it ultimately will leak back in.

Get access

Grade+20% off
$8 USD/m$10 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
40 Verified Answers
Class+
$8 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
30 Verified Answers

Related Documents

BIOA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Umbilical Vein, Hemolymph, Extracellular Fluid
ochredeer638
BIOA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Circulatory System, Hemolymph, Extracellular Fluid
rizvizzle
BIOA02H3
Final Exam
Study Guide
BIOA02H3 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Crocodilia, Indo, Ductus Arteriosus
ceruleanllama915

Related Questions

1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of bloodflow?

a. heart --> atery --> arteriole --> capillary -->vein --> venule --> heart

b. heart --> vein --> venule --> capillary -->arteriole --> artery --> heart

c. heart --> artery --> arteriole --> capillary -->venule --> vein --> heart

d. heart --> artery --> venule --> capillary -->arteriole --> vein --> heart

e. heart--> artery --> capillary --> arteriole -->venule --> vein --> heart

2. What are the functions of the elastic fibers that are foundin the walls of ateries? (there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. they allow the artery to stretch and then recoil back to itsoriginal shape as blood is forcegully pumped from the heart intothe arteries

b. they allow arteries to lengthen as the volume of blood in thearteries increase

c. they help maintain a steady blood pressure during thedifferent phases of heart contraction

d. they smooth out the walls of the arteries to preventturbulent blood flow

3. Which of the following are functions of the lymphatic system?(there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. help fight infections and cancer

b. allows excess interstitial fluid (fluid found between thecells in your tissues) to get dumped back into your blood

c. brings large molecules from fat digestion into thebloodstream so that they can be processed and stored

d. all of the above are functions of the lymphatic system

4. Which of the following blood vessels bring newly oxygenatedblood from the blood vessels in the lungs back to the heart so thatthe heart can pump it to the rest of the body?

Select one:

a. aorta

b. inferior vena cava

c. pulmonary vein

d. pulmonary artery

5. Which of the following mechanisms help blood fight gravity sothat, for instance, it can return from blood vessels in your feetback into your heart? (there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. breathing allows the pressure in your chest to decrease andallow blood to flow up towards your heart

b. as you walk, the skeletal muscles in your legs contract andsqueeze the veins; since veins have valves, blood flows up anddoesn't backflow back down

c. the force of blood flowing out of the heart and into thearteries pushes all of the blood along, causing blood to return tothe heart

d. precapillary sphincters open to allow blood to flow backtowards the heart

6. The tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves prevent backflow ofblood from the atria into the ventricles.

Select one:

True

False

7. The following sequence represents the correct order of bloodflow through the heart:

inferior and superior vena cava --> right atrium --> rightventricle --> pulmonary artery --> lungs --> pulmonaryvein --> left atrium --> left ventricle --> aorta

Select one:

True

False

8. Capillaries are as wide as one red blood cell.

Select one:

True

False

9. The purpose of the coronary arteries is to bring oxygenatedblood to the walls of the heart so that the muscles in the heartwalls can contract.

Select one:

True

False

10. Vasodilation refers to the narrowing of blood vessels.

Select one:

True

False

QuestionGroup: #37 CNS

Assigned as

Homework

37

Which parts of the brain contribute to our social behavior?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

B

Mirror neurons

C

Amygdala

D

All of these are correct

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #38 CNS2

Assigned as

Homework

38

Part of the explanation of long term memory is which of the following?

A

Long term potentiation between neurons and muscle cells

B

Long term potentiation between neurons

C

Short term translation

D

Long term transcription

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #39 PNS

Assigned as

Homework

39

The somatic component of the peripheral nervous system has which of the following characteristics?

A

It controls the smooth muscle in the blood vessels so that blood vessels can vasoconstrict or vasodilate

B

It controls the autonomic nervous system so it indirectly controls heart rate

C

It controls your skeletal muscle so you can answer this question by pushing on the keyboard

D

It controls the smooth muscle in your intestinal tract so it controls peristalsis

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #40 Smooth/skeletal

Assigned as

Homework

40

Which of the following is NOT a part of a skeletal muscle cell?

A

Motor neurons

B

Nuclei

C

Sarcomeres

D

Actin

E

Myosin

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #41 Cardio

Assigned as

Homework

41

Which part of the circulatory system has the highest pressure?

A

Veins

B

Capillaries

C

Arteries

D

Aorta

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #42 Cardio2

Assigned as

Homework

42

Where do the electrical signals originate in your heart?

A

SA node

B

Internodal tracts

C

His-Purkinje System

D

AV node

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #43 Blood pressure

Assigned as

Homework

43

There was a horrific traffic accident and you run to help the victims. You feel a pulse from his carotid artery ,however the medic comes along and gets no blood pressure as he measures it from the arm. He claims the victim is dead. You think which of the following?

A

Medic is not correct since it is the difference between heart rate and blood pressure that determines life. No heart rate only means tha the sympathetics have stopped vasoconstricting the blood vessels.

B

Medic is correct since it is common to not have a blood pressure of 120/80 and no pulse due to stress as was discussed in class.

C

Medic is incorrect since there is a pulse. This means the person is still alive.

D

Medic is correct since there is no blood pressure there is no life.

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #44 Blood pressure2

Assigned as

Homework

44

Which side of the capillary bed has the higher oncotic pressure?

A

venous and lymph

B

arterial and lymph

C

lymph

D

venule side

E

arterial side

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #45 Capillaries

Assigned as

Homework

45

If the hydrostatic pressure is higher in the interstitial space rather than the capillary, which of the following will occur?

A

(2),(3)

B

(1),(2),(3)

C

(3) Decreased hydrostatic pressure in the arterial end of the capillary

D

(2) Decreased hydrostatic pressure in the venous end of the capillary

E

(1) No change in the hydrostatic pressure since this pressure is maintained regardless of external pressures.

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #46 Respiration/ ventilation

Assigned as

Homework

46

The left atrium is damaged and is generating a great resistance to blood coming from pulmonary vein. What happens due to this pressure?

A

Back up of blood in the pulmonary artery which causes pulmonary capillary edema

B

Generation of back flow into the inferior vena cava

C

Generation of coronary artery edema

D

Back up of blood in the pulmonary vein which causes pulmonary capillary edema

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #47 Respiration/ventilation 2

Assigned as

Homework

47

Edema in the pulmonary circulation refers to which of the following?

A

additional fluid in the trachea

B

additional interstitial fluid

C

additional surfactant

D

additional capillary fluid

E

additional intracellular fluid

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #48 Cell communication

Assigned as

Homework

48

What is the definition of a signaling pathway?

A

All the proteins in the nucleus

B

All the cell molecules in the mitochondria

C

A group of genes that control mitosis

D

A specific chemical pathway that is activated by the ligand/receptor complex.

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #49 Hormone/ menstruation

Assigned as

Homework

49

Which hormone directly causes ovulation?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

B

Lutenizing hormone

C

Progesterone

D

Estrogen

E

All of these

True of False: Freshwater environments have a higher concentration of oxygen than saltwater environments.

QUESTION 2 If the difference in partial pressure of gas on either side of the barrier to diffusion is 0, which of these events will occur?

The area for gas exchange will increase to accommodate this similarity.

The constant for diffusion will decrease.

The rate of diffusion will be 0.

The distance thickness of the barrier to diffusion will also be 0.

QUESTION 3 On the x-axis of the oxygen–hemoglobin equilibrium curve is the partial pressure of oxygen in tissues. Which type of blood is most likely to be represented by the right-hand side of the axis? (Hint: the oxygen-hemoglobin equilibrium curve is figure 45.14 in your book on pg 913)

blood found in the left ventricle

blood found in the right atrium

blood found in the superior vena cava

blood found in the inferior vena cava

QUESTION 4 Which of these is an example of pulmonary circulation?

Blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Blood is pumped from the left ventricle to the aorta.

Blood is pumped from the aorta to the cardiac vein.

Blood is pumped from the inferior vena cava to the right atrium.

QUESTION 5 O2 will diffuse from blood to tissue faster in response to which of the following conditions?

an increase in the PO2 of the tissue

a decrease in the PO2 of the tissue

an increase in the thickness of the capillary wall

a decrease in the surface area of the capillary

QUESTION 6 Which of the following promotes oxygen release from hemoglobin?

a decrease in temperature

a decrease in carbon dioxide levels

a decrease in pH

a decrease in carbonic anhydrase

QUESTION 7 How does the medulla oblongata sense the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood?

A. Carbonic anhydrase produced by cells performing cellular respiration is exported and travels though the blood, and binds to a receptor on the medullary respiratory center, which causes a signal amplification resulting in a change in gene expression which results in the production of proteins that will cause the diaphragm to contract

B. CO2 produced by cells performing cellular respiration reacts with blood plasma for form an acid, which increases the pH of the blood, which causes the medullary respiratory center to contract the diaphragm

C. CO2 produced by cells performing cellular respiration reacts with blood plasma for form an acid, which decreases the pH of the blood, which causes the medullary respiratory center to contract the diaphragm

D. A and B

E. A and C

QUESTION 8 Which of the following parts of the lung are considered "dead space"? A. The alveoli B. The trachea C. The bronchi D. B and C E. All of the above

QUESTION 9 Which of the following blood vessels have the thinnest walls?

arteries

arterioles

capillaries

venules

veins

QUESTION 10 How does the interstitial fluid return to the bloodstream?

A. Interstitial fluid flows into the capillary where the osmotic pressure driving fluid into the bloodstream is greater than the blood pressure driving fluid out of the blood

B. Interstitial fluid flows into the capillary where the blood pressure driving fluid into the bloodstream is greater than the osmotic pressure driving fluid out of the blood

C. Interstitial fluid leaves the tissue via lymphatic ducts and travels through the lymphatic system, which returns the fluid to the veins. D. A and C

E. B and C

QUESTION 11 True or False: When an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) shows a flat line (aka asystole), medical personnel will restart the heart using a defibrillator.