BIOA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Semipermeable Membrane, Root Hair, Xylem

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5 May 2018

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BIOA02 Module 1 Lecture 10: Transport in Plants

Water and Sugar Transport Through Plants

1. Water transport through xylem

a. Three hypotheses on mechanisms of water transport

b. Synthesis, total plant water transport

c. Control of water transport

2. Sugar transport through phloem

Water movement through xylem

1. Capillary action: H2O moves upward in a small tube through adhesion to tube walls and

cohesion between H2O molecules

2. Root osmotic push: osmosis, H2O moves through semipermeable membrane from lower

concentration to higher concentration until concentrations on both membrane sides become

equal

3. Transpiration

High Solute Concentration in Root Hairs

-Plant actively pumps ions into root hair (epidermal hair) cells

-high concentration of ions → greater osmotic pressure in root hairs than surrounding soil H2O

→ water moves in to cells by osmosis

Total Plant Water Transport

-water enters root hairs from soil by osmosis

-water moves into xylem by osmosis and transpirational pull (from the leaves)

Entering of Water into Roots

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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes

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Bioa02 module 1 lecture 10: transport in plants. Water and sugar transport through plants: water transport through xylem, three hypotheses on mechanisms of water transport, synthesis, total plant water transport, control of water transport, sugar transport through phloem. Plant actively pumps ions into root hair (epidermal hair) cells. High concentration of ions greater osmotic pressure in root hairs than surrounding soil h2o. Water moves in to cells by osmosis. Water enters root hairs from soil by osmosis. Water moves into xylem by osmosis and transpirational pull (from the leaves) Apoplastic transport: through cell walls; faster, less resistance to h2o flow. Symplastic transport: through cells and plasmodesmata (of parenchyma) Endodermis with casparian strip: control layer to what substances can permeate into xylem. For photosynthesis, plants need to open stomata access to co2. >90% of h2o cannot be replaced from soil (heat, drought) Stoma: two bordering guard cells (specialized epidermis cells) Osmosis through active regulation of k+ concentration (atp-driven pump)

Related Questions

1,Match the descriptions to the type of transport.

- A. B. C.	Water enters a cell because it is hypertonic compared to the extracellular environment, increasing its turgor pressure
- A. B. C.	Water enters guard cells because the guard cells are hypertonic compared to the surrounding cells
- A. B. C.	Potassium ions are pumped into guard cells
- A. B. C.	The motor cells of a Venus fly trap are hypotonic compared to surrounding cells, causing water to leave the motor cells
- A. B. C.	Sugar is loaded into the phloem

A.	Both active and passive transport
B.	Passive Transport
C.	Active transport

2,Describe what is wrong with the following statement and explain why:

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, organelles, cytoplasm, and cell walls.

What is short-distance transport?

	a,	The movement of solutes from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration
		b,The movement of water, nutrients, and other substances between cells
c,		The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
d,		The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

What terms describe the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration towards a region of low water concentration (and high solute concentration.)

What is found in the proptoplasm?

Cell wall, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, nucleus, and other cell organelles

Plasmodesmata, cell wall, and plasma membrane

Cell wall, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane

Cytoplasm, nucleus, and other cell organelles

The channels that allow nutrients and protoplasm to pass between plant cells are called _________________.

What happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and cell lysis will occur

Water will leave the plant cell and the plasma membrane will pull away from the cell and plasmolysis will occur

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and push against the cell wall

Water will leave the plant cell and the plant cell will lose turgor pressure, causing the plant to wilt

________________ transport uses cellular energy.

What molecules make plasma cell membranes hydrophilic on the outside and hydrophobic on the inside?

What type of cells do plants have?

		Bacterial
		Archaeic
		Eukaryotic
		Prokaryotic

BIOA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Semipermeable Membrane, Root Hair, Xylem

BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes

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