BIOA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Arms Race, Herbivore, Kalahari Desert

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BIOA02 Module 1 Lecture 12: Plant Defense
Plant Defense
Plants feed the world but they do not really want to do so
Plant defense mechanisms
Arms race between plants and herbivores
Plants feed the world
All non-plants depend directly or indirectly on plant food
Every plant is under constant threat of attack
Herbivory
Most widespread plant-animal interaction often least visible
Insects: feeding on plants day and night
Mechanical defense: grows organs or tissues
Slower to react
Is grown from the start
Chemical defense: toxins around poisons are produced
Can be fast to react
Primary vs Secondary Compounds
Primary Compounds: products of photosynthesis, protein synthesis
o Carbohydrates, proteins, starches, cellulose
o Essential to normal cellular function and life in general
Secondary Compounds: products have no known direct function in basic metabolism
Role of Secondary Compounds
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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary

Plant defense: plants feed the world but they do not really want to do so, plant defense mechanisms, arms race between plants and herbivores. Plants feed the world: all non-plants depend directly or indirectly on plant food, every plant is under constant threat of attack. Herbivory: most widespread plant-animal interaction often least visible. Mechanical defense: grows organs or tissues: slower to react. Chemical defense: toxins around poisons are produced: can be fast to react. Primary vs secondary compounds: primary compounds: products of photosynthesis, protein synthesis, carbohydrates, proteins, starches, cellulose, essential to normal cellular function and life in general, secondary compounds: products have no known direct function in basic metabolism. Role of secondary compounds: huge complexity of compounds, strict control of synthesis, chemical weapons against herbivores. Plant defense against herbivory: defense can be always present = systemic. Induced by herbivore attacks: physical defense: mostly systemic, chemical defense: often induced. Passive hiding: lithops: pebble plants, kalahari desert, rarely if ever eaten.

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