BIOB11H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Design Patterns, Cancer Cell, Health Canada
24 Oct 2017
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Lec 20: proto-oncogenes, oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes. Tumor suppressor gene: a tumor suppressor gene, or antioncogene, is a gene that protects a cell from one step on the path to cancer. When this gene mutates to cause a loss or reduction in its function, the cell can progress to cancer, usually in combination with other genetic changes. The loss of these genes may be even more important than proto-oncogene/oncogene activation for the formation of many kinds of human cancer cells. [1] tumor suppressor genes can be grouped into categories including caretaker genes, gatekeeper genes, and landscaper genes; the classi cation schemes are evolving as medicine advances, learning from elds including molecular biology, genetics, and epigenetics. Proto-oncogene: a proto-oncogene is a normal gene that could become an oncogene due to mutations or increased expression. Proto-oncogenes code for proteins that help to regulate cell growth and differentiation.
