BIOB11H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Primordium, Tradd, Growth Factor

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Map kinase: ras-map kinase cascade a cascade that is turned on in response to a wide variety of extracellular signals and plays a key role in regulating vital activities such as cell proliferation and differentiation. (15. 4) Convergence: two different stimuli activate pathways that share common downstream effectors. Divergence:a single stimulus can activate more than one type of signaling pathway. Cross-talk: one pathway affects the response of another pathway. Rtks play important roles in governing cell division. These play very critical roles in lots of different types of cellular events. Signals and receptrs converge to make was and raf. And then comes along a map kinase cascade. Grb2/sos induces exchange of gtp for gdp on ras. Ras is a monomeric g protein, active when bound to gtp. Ras: mutant in over 30% of all human cancers. Grb2 adapts the receptor to sos. its job is to exchange gdp for gtp for whatever protein it recognizes.

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