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BIOB11H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Karyotype, Transposable Element, Genetic Linkage

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School
UTSC
Department
Biological Sciences
Course
BIOB11H3
Professor
Dan Riggs

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Document Summary

Sps:figs 10-26, 27, 28, 30, snp figure (intranet) Mcclintock"s results on the c gene which controls maize kernel color. What happens if transposon jumps back out: if early in kernel development, get large purple sector, if later: get small purple sector. If transposition occurs late in development get small spot of pigment. Larger sectors due to transposon jump early in development. The genetics approach: examine recombination frequency between two traits (usually visible) to estimate the distance between two linked genes: distance between genes on a chromosome proportional to probability that recombination will occur between them, centimorgan: a map unit of recombination; If genes are far apart (a and c), then any of the crossovers will generate recombinants. However, if the genes are closer together, (a and b), then recombination frequency between them will be lower (only one of the three crossovers generate recombinants). c. Thus, the % recombination between two genes is proportional to the distance between them.

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Related Questions

DNA Recombination

10. What is an “insertion element” vs. a “simple transposon” vs. a “retrotransposon”?

11. What enzymes are involved in transposition and what do they do?

12. What are direct repeats vs. inverted repeats vs. long terminal repeats? Which ones actually move with the transposon?

13. How can a simple cut and paste transposon increase the size of the genome?

In corn, The C allele is dominant and produces purple pigment resulting in purple kernals. Corn with the cc genotype do not produce pigment and have colorless kernals. A plant is known to be heterozygous (Cc), but the kernals are variegated (each kernel has both white and purple coloration). Which of the following statements provides the correct explanation?

A transposable element inserted itself into the recessive allele during early development so the white pigment was never expressed.
A transposable element inserted itself into the dominant allele during early development, but left before the kernals were mature.
A transposable element inserted itself into the dominant allele during early development so the purple pigment was never expressed.
A transposable element inserted itself into the recessive allele during early development, but left before the kernals were mature.

Differentiate between transposons and retrotransposons.