BIOB11H3 Lecture Notes - Theodor Boveri, Mendelian Inheritance, Gamete

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3 Jul 2012

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Gregory mendel: munk who obsessed with pea plants, and listed various traits that he followed, then assigned traits. How many plants of a given characteristic were produced and then passed on from parent plant to individual --> gene. Alleles/genes can randomly unite at fertilization--> mendel"s law of segregation. A dominant allele over the recessive allele dominant allele masses the effect, ex: aa = tall. Segregation of alleles: segregation of dominant and recessive alleles. Homozygous alleles contribute only that type of allele to the offspring, heterozygous alleles can contribute both kind of alleles. Identity of parents in terms of alleles determines what percentage of offspring will have what. Law of independent assortment: each allele has its own effect on the offspring, ex: blue/brown eyes is independent of tall/short alleles. Physical basis of the units of inheritance: Theodor boveri: took one egg taken from organism and forced it with two sperms three sets of alleles.

Related Questions

How does independent assortment differ fromsegregation?

and

2. Labrador retrievers have 2unlinked genes that affect coat color. The %u201Ccolor%u201DB

gene: B is the dominantallele for black hair and b is the recessive allele for brown hair.The %u201Ccolor modifier%u201D E gene: E is the dominant allelethat does not affect hair color expression at the %u201Ccolor%u201Dgene, and e is the recessive allele which changes the hair color toyellow regardless of the genotype at the %u201Ccolor%u201D gene. Ifthe following two individuals were to mate, what would be thepossible PHENOTYPES (hair color) of their offspring and what wouldbe the expected ratio of those phenotypes in theiroffspring?

-- Male: heterozygous for the hair color gene, homozygous for thee allele. -- Female: heterozygous at both genes Please showwork

amaranthjackal220

QUESTION 1

Jim is blood type A, his brother John is type O and his sister Jane is type AB. What are the genotypes of their parents?

Which of the following is true for alleles that show incomplete dominance?

Heterozygotes have a genotype like the dominant allele.

Homozygotes have a genotype like the recessive allele.

Heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the dominant and recessive alleles.

Homozygotes have the same phenotype as the heterozygotes.

QUESTION 3

Which principle of inheritance concluded that when games are formed in meiosis, the two alleles of each gene separate from one another, and each gamete receives only one allele?

independent assortment

Which term best describes a condition in which alleles at one locus can alter the expression of alleles at another locus?

polygenic inheritance

A single unit of genetic information located on a chromosome defines:

The physical expression (appearance or function) of an organism's genes defines:

genotype

a single characteristic

Palomino horses (golden color with a blond mane) are an incompletely dominant trait produced by the combination of the chestnut color allele and the cream color allele. If you wanted to produce as many palominos as possible, which mating strategy below would be the best choice?

Which term best describes the effect of a single gene on multiple aspects of the phenotype?

polygenic inheritance

QUESTION 9

Which term best describes the separate expression of both alleles for a single trait in the same cell?

polygenic inheritance

QUESTION 10

One form of a gene found on a single chromosome defines:

A chocolate lab (whose mother was a yellow lab) is mated with a black lab whose genotype is BbEe. What fraction of the offspring would be expected to be yellow labs?

What type of allele is always expressed regardless of whether the individual is homozygous or heterozygous for it?

Both the dominant and recessive alleles

Given the parents AABBGgHhrr Ã AabbGgHhRr, assume simple dominance and independent assortment. What proportion of the progeny will be expected to have the genotype AaBbggHHrr?

___________________ is defined as having two of the same type of allele for a particular trait.

The physical position of an allele on a single chromosome defines:

Which term best describes two or more genes affecting the phenotype in an additive fashion?

codominance

polygenic inheritance

Complete the four-part question.

If you have an organism in which the A allele is dominant to the a allele, a heterozygote will produce gametes of either A or a. This is what leads to two phenotypes among the offspring in an F2 cross (ie. Aa x Aa). In genetic terms this is called

a. dominant

b. recessive

c. segregation

d. independent assortment

e. none of the above

If you have an organism of genotype AaBb (A dominant to a, and B dominant to b), there will be 4 phenotypic classes among F2 progeny in a 9:3:3:1 ratio. In genetic terms this is an example of

a. dominant

b. recessive

c. segregation

d. independent assortment

e. none of the above

Which type of nuclear division produces diploid cells from diploid cells? Haploid cells from diploid cells?

a. fission, fusion

b. meiosis, mitosis

c. mitosis, meiosis

d. linkage, independent assortment

e. none of the above

If a pea plant shows a recessive phenotype

a. it can be either TT or Tt

b. it can be either Tt or tt

c. it can be only TT

d. it can only be tt

e. it can be TT, Tt ot tt

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BIOB11H3 Lecture Notes - Theodor Boveri, Mendelian Inheritance, Gamete

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