BIOB11H3 Lecture : Chromosomes, Heredity
Document Summary
Genome- collective body of genetic information that is present in a. Alleles- two copies of a gene that controls the development of each. Nulls- homozygous recessive, normally associated with a mutant. Bivalent- when pairs of homologous chromosomes interacted with each other. Crossing over- when paternal chromosomes broke and exchanged their pieces, thus resulting in various genetic traits. Discovery of units of inheritance from pea plants. Genes could be mapped in order along the length of chromosomes. Law of segregation: although alleles remain together throughout the life of an organism, they become segregated during gamete formation. The segregation of one pair of alleles for one trait does not affect the segregation of other alleles. Law of independent assortment: different genes assort independently during gamete formation. The production of offspring by sexual reproduction which involves the union of two cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes o o. Involves 2 divisions without another round of dna replication.
