BIOB34H3 Lecture Notes - Efferent Nerve Fiber, Peripheral Nervous System, Autonomic Nervous System

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20 Sep 2012
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Nervous system a network of billions or trillions of nerve cells linked together in a highly organized manner to from the rapid control system of the body. Nerve cells (neurons) carry electrical signals rapidly and in some cases, over long distances. Nerotransmitters chemical signals released by neurons into the extracellular fluid. Organization of the nervous system central nervous systems consist of the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system consists of afferent (or sensory) neurons and efferent neurons. Efferent neurons are subdivided into: somatic motor division controls skeletal muscles, autonomic division controls smooth and cardiac muscles, exocrine glands, and some endocrine glands, and some types of adipose tissue. Autonomic neurons are further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, which can be distinguished by their anatomical organization and by the chemicals they use to communicate with their target cells. The enteric nervous system is a network of neurons in the walls of the digestive tract.

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