BIOB50H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Fort Simpson, Tropical Rainforest, Benthic Zone
2 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Biomes are a reflection of their physical environment. Biome: large-scale biological communities shaped by the physical environment where they are found, especially climate. Terrestrial biomes are characterized by the most common growth forms of plants over large geographic areas. Deciduous plants- maple tree, drop their leaves during cold. Needle-leaved evergreen trees- retain their photosynthetic tissues year-round. Evergreen broad-leaved trees- tropical regions carry out photosynthesis year-round. Sclerophyllous shrubs- tough, leathery leaves, seasonally dry/moist and warm/cool. Cacti and shrubs, succulent stems or leaves- dry, seasonally cool/hot; stems and leaves contain water storage tissues. Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function, but that arose in unrelated species that have very different ancestors. Parallel evolution is similar, but the evolution is defined as parallel if the ancestors were also similar and convergent if they were not.
