BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Phospholipid, Chloroplast, Extracellular Fluid

• School: UTSC
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOA01H3
• Professor: Shelley Brunt

Document Summary

Endoplasmic reticulum: proteins and lipids are synthesized, large organelle in most eukaryotic cells is a network of interconnected/convoluted tubules and flattened sacs. Golgi apparatus that degrade damaged or unneeded macromolecules ( vesicles that degrade macromolecules: they can degrade proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and complex carbohydrates, macromolecules to be degraded are packaged by the. Golgi apparatus into vesicles that fuse with lysosomes. Because the optimal ph of the cell is 7, and the contents within the lysosome have a ph of 5. If the protein is destined for the er lumen or to be secreted outside the cell, it is fed into the er lumen as it is synthesized by the membrane-bound ribosome. Co-translational (inserted while being made) insertion into er requires a signal sequence specific for the er. Prokaryotes. the endosymbiont hypothesis: these organelles were once bacteria that were captured by the primitive eukaryotic cell and over time evolved their current functions within the eukaryotic cell.