BIOC21H3 Lecture : LEc 10 Nevous system

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cerisealligator589

11 Jan 2012

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Lecture 10: nervous system y neuron: large cells all we really see is cell body have multiple branches, really long, can account for large amount of volume (axon) and sa, but don t usually see them. cell body=perikaryon, surrounds nucleus: nucleas, large and pale, thin dark outline, central darkly staining nucleus (owl s eye appearance) can tell that a lot of genes active (high metab activity=>req lots of genes), need some machinery to convert gene->protein=>cytosol has nissl substance (=frag of rer) cytoplasm basophilic because of the abundant rer, and initially called nissl substance because stained with nissl stain. molec motors grab vesicle holding nt, and bring it down to termini. retrograde have dendrites in hand, take up the virus, travel up to cell body, and infect other cells from there. Example of retrograde transport. y dorsal-cell bodies of sensory neurons. These tend to be sensory neurons, and have one end, w/n a messin s corpuscle.

Related Questions

QUESTION 30

The function of centrosome is:

	1.	Microtubule initiation and organization in animal cells
	2.	Organization of thin filaments
	3.	Depolymerization of microtubules
	4.	Organization of intermediate filaments

2.5 points

QUESTION 31

The destinations of proteins synthesized on "free" ribomsomes include:

	1.	Endoplasmic reticulum
	2.	Nucleus
	3.	Mitochondria
	4.	Lysosomes

2.5 points

QUESTION 32

Microtubules can be assembled and disassembled quickly in response to the cellular changes is because:

	1.	Cells synthesize tubulin proteins very fast.
	2.	Cells can turn other cytoskeletal filaments into microtubules
	3.	Microtubules have an instable plus end and microtubules are probably organized by weak non-covalent interactions
	4.	The motor proteins of microtubules can organize the microtubules in response to the cellular changes

2.5 points

QUESTION 33

Both signal recognition particle and a translocon in rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane can recognize and bind to the signal sequence of a secretory protein, so they play the exact same role during protein co-translational translocation.

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 34

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is so named is because:

	1.	It has many proteins associated with its surface.
	2.	It has ribosomes associated with its cytosolic surface.
	3.	It is associated with nuclear membrane.
	4.	It has vesicles budding off its surface.

2.5 points

QUESTION 35

The membrane vesicles that transport materials between membrane compartments have a protein coat. The protein coat has similar functions in different vesicles. These functions include:

	1.	Help the enclosed material fold correctly.
	2.	Help degrade the protein in the vesicles
	3.	Maintain the internal pH of the vesicles
	4.	Function as mechanical device to form a vesicle and select the components to be carried by a vesicle.

2.5 points

QUESTION 36

Lysosomes are important for:

	1.	Receptor-mediated endocytosis.
	2.	Breaking down foreign particles brought into the cells by endosomes
	3.	Regulating the process of organelle turnover.
	4.	Protein trafficking between membrane compartments

2.5 points

QUESTION 37

Which of the following is correct about membrane biosynthesis?

	1.	Membranes are synthesized in Golgi Complex.
	2.	Membranes arise from preexisting endoplasmic reticulum membranes.
	3.	Membranes are synthesized on ribosomes.
	4.	Membranes of all organelles have the same composition of proteins and lipids, since they all originate from endoplasmic reticulum.

2.5 points

QUESTION 38

During skeletal muscle contractions, the shortening of the muscle fibers is because of:

		The shortening of the thin and thick myofilaments.
		The shortening of the cytoskeletal filaments.
		The kinesin proteins moving over microtubules.
		The actin and myosin filaments sliding over each other.

2.5 points

QUESTION 39

The assembly and disassembly of microtubules is regulated by rate of growth and shrinkage of the plus end.

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 40

The functions of Golgi complex include:

	1.	O-linked oligosaccharides and most of a cellâs complex polysaccharides are assembled in Golgi complex
	2.	Cis Golgi complex sorts proteins
	3.	Trans Golgi complex segregates proteins in different types of vesicles for dilevery.
	4.	N-linked oligosaccharides are further processed in Golgi complex

ochrecoyote721

1/What is the fate of a protein with no N-terminus Signal Sequence?

(a)Transport through the constitutive secretory pathway

(b)Dispersal throughout the cytoplasm

(c)Transport into the nucleus

(d)Transport to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

2/ In nerve cells, Botulinum toxin-A degrades a subunit of a T-snare localized on the plasma membrane, how would this affect vesicular trafficking?

(a) It blocks the co-translational import of neurotransmitter proteins into the Endoplasmic reticulum via the translocon.

(b) It prevents the addition of carbohydrates to translated proteins

(c)It blocks the fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane because theT-snare would not be able tophysically interact with the V-snare.

(d) None of the above

What is the correct order of events of Clathrin-mediated endocytosis?

1. Uncoating of Clathrin- coated vesicle

2. Recruitment of Clathrin and selection of cargo

3. Fusion of vesicle with early endosome

(a) 1, 2, 3

(b) 2, 1, 3

(d) 3, 1, 2

4/ Vesicles traveling anterogradely will eventually fuse with the cell membrane.

Which of the following elements does NOT participate in the fusion event?

(a) v-snare

(b) t-snare

(d) clathrin coat protein

When a cell releases a hormone into the bloodstream and a number of cells in a

distal location respond, this type of signaling is...

(a) Autocrine signaling

(b) Endocrine signaling

(d) Juxtacrine signaling

taupereindeer397

8. Your research lab is interested in studying how lysosomes are transported and mature in neurons. Specifically, lysosomes start out as endosome and become more acidic as they mature into lysosomes, which contain active acidic hydrolases. In neurons, endosomes that originate at the axon terminus (far from the cell body) likely mature into lysosomes through retrograde transport from the axon terminus toward the cell body. Your central hypothesis is that maturation of lysosomes along this transport route requires (i) motor proteins; (ii) cytoskeletal proteins; and (iii) acidification of the lysosome. Propose an experiment that would directly address each of these three points using molecular and/or pharmacological manipulations. Be very specific: name and describe the molecular method and/or the specific names/targets of pharmacological manipulations that you propose, and be sure to note specifically which part of the hypothesis you are testing with each manipulation.

BIOC21H3 Lecture : LEc 10 Nevous system

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