CHMB42H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Glycosidic Bond, Enol, Anomer
Document Summary
Chapter 21 the organic chemistry of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes such as glucose, polyhydroxy ketones such as fructose and compounds such as sucrose formed by linking polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones together. Complex : two or more: disaccharides have two monosaccharides, oligosaccharides have 3-10, polysaccharides have 10 or more. Can be broken down to monosaccharides by hydrolysis. Monosaccharides are also classified acc. to # of c they contain: 3: trioses, 4: tetroses, 5: pentoses, 6: hexoses, 7: heptoses. The notations d and l are used to describe configurations of carbohydrates. In a fischer of a monosaccharide, the carbonyl group is always placed on top or as close to the top as possible. If the oh group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center (the c. 2nd from the bottom) is on the right, then the compound is d-sugar. If the same oh group is on the left, then the compound is an l-sugar.
