CLAA06H3 Lecture 2: Lecture 2 Notes

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fuchsialouse521

27 Apr 2011

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Document Summary

Hercules; legend; superhuman or divine power, still human. Jack and the beanstalk; folktale; normal human beings, the person ends up learning some sort of moral, and reversal of fortune. God of war 2; divine myth; story of the gods, god central character sources of myth. Oral tradition; there"s going to be different branches of each myth because it"s word of mouth. Literary works take their structure from these. Literary work has only one author, may introduce variations; once a writer writes something down, to make it their own they have to emphasize points and bring in their own morals, what points will they downplay. Archaeological record; all allow us to see what myths would have been like in cultural context. Judgment of paris; gods athena aphrodite judged by who is most beautiful judged by prince. Dionysus and the pirates; made of little tiny pieces of tile made into designs and pictures.

Related Questions

Question 1

Evolutionary algorithms are used:

In engineering, to arrive at solutions by going through many permutations of possible solutions and allowing them to evolve.

A genetic feature of complex organisms.

A process undergone by the human brain, which is similar to evolution by natural selection.

Another term used for a computer algorithm in general.

Question 2

Human literature and languages can be studied using methods similar to those used for constructing phylogenies because:

There is no other way of studying these things.

Languages evolve roughly along the lines of species, with mutations (changes in words and pronunciation), descent with modification (languages becoming more different along the way), and branching of languages (languages giving rise to other languages that are similar to them).

Because literature and languages are constructed by organisms (human beings), so what applies to one must apply to the other.

Languages undergo a process of word swapping, which is analogous to horizontal gene transfer.

Question 3

The degree to which horizontal gene transfer occurs in eukaryotes is:

Something upon which the entire validity of evolutionary biology hinges.

A mystery that may or may not disprove evolution, but we simply don't know enough about it at this point.

Something that would overthrow the notion that this phenomenon is important in bacteria.

An interesting and potentially important aspect of biology with relevance for how evolution occurs, but not something that would call it into question one way or the other.

Question 4

Learning about the history of scientific theories and the reasons for why they are initially accepted or rejected is important mostly because:

It makes for exciting story telling, and this is very much needed to get people interested in science.

It teaches us about the process of science as it actually occurs, which is somewhat different to the idealized notion of a purely objective undertaking.

It tells us which theories are definitely true or false.

It tells us that science is actually a totally subjective process that tries to present itself as objective. In reality, personal subjective factors are the only relevant factors that really matter in science.

mauvemammoth554

Question 11

The wings of birds have evolved to facilitate powered flight, but they are also:

Derived from structures that had other functions, such as thermoregulation and sexual display.

Able to evolve into any other type of structure, given the flexibility of developmental genes.

Unable to revert back to serving other functions (if they ever had them).

Certainly only a transition on the way to something else in the future.

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE:

For most of life's history, organisms have been multicellular, though hominids only occupy a tiny portion of this history.

For most of life's history, organisms have been a mixture of uni- and multicellular, through hominids have occupied only a fairly small portion of this history.

For most of life's history, organisms have been unicellular, and hominids occupy only a tiny portion of the entire span of time in which life has existed on Earth.

For most of life's history, organisms have reverted back and forth between uni- and multicellular, with a sort of "zig-zag" pattern in which one form of life dominated at any particular time.

Question 13

There are some phenotypic differences among human populations that reflect adaptation to different environments. This indicates that:

Some populations are innately superior to others, because they have what it takes to prevail in those environments.

Selection has been active on these populations.

There are candidates for a program of selective breeding wherein we can pinpoint universally desirable characteristics.

Admixture among human populations is decreasing, and that continued admixture can only mean that humans must stop adapting to their environments. This is neither "good" or "bad", it's simply the way that selection works.

ceruleanwhale664

Literature Review

Words: 500

Article Chosen: THE MAGICAL AGE OF 10

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1002006521067

https://tomocarroll.wordpress.com/2013/02/22/the-magical-age-of-10/

Guidelines

Guide only, feel free to organise however else you like to as long as you address the learning outcomes and elements in the rubric.

* Introduction

Introduce the general issue and its importance

Identify key trends or perspectives

Identify the specific focus of this literature review (your identified issue)

Give a brief outline of the structure of the body

* Body

Cluster your literature around common themes or threads of ideas. Structure your writing thematically and not author by author. This allows you to compare, contrast, and make sense of the different authorsâ perspectives on one point./ And if you find there are a lot of authors with some contribution to one point, then maybe that point needs to be teased out into sub-themes

Try not to hide behind what the literature is saying. Remember, it is up to you to interpret it and make sense of it for your reader. Listing what they have found or believe is part of a literature review, but in itself is not enough, you need to clarify what the reader is to take away from this body of research

Never be afraid to narrow your topic. You have a word limit, which is enough to make one meaningful point, but not to include detail for its own sake. It is better to dig deep into a topic rather than be broad and superficial

You may have to limit your question many times before you finalise your draft. Spend time considering your question/topic, because this provides the guidelines for your writing and your research. You need to have clear guidelines so that you can research with purpose and efficiency, even if these guidelines are modified later. Otherwise a lot of time and energy will be wasted, either, looking at irrelevant material, or material that cannot fit into your review

* Conclusion

Summarize the major contributions, evaluating the current position, and pointing out flaws in methodology, gaps in the research, contradictions and areas for further study

Conclude by summing up and identifying the significance of the topic in relation to the literature

* Please ensure that you write succinctly to avoid wasting your word count. Note that unnecessary words weakens your argument. You should keep within +/- 10% of your word count

* Check for spelling and grammatical errors. Loosing marks from errors that could be addressed through editing is not worth it.

* Make sure that all references are correctly referenced using APA style

* Refer to Unit Guide for more information about the unit requirements

CLAA06H3 Lecture 2: Lecture 2 Notes

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