EESA06H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Shield Volcano, Nubian Sandstone, Syenite

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30 Apr 2012
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Lecture 3 - how oceans form: the african rift. The african rift from kenya, ethiopia, egypt, jordan and israel. Mantle plumes in low pressure: basalt - iron and magnesium rich rock. The crust is thinned and a rift valley forms. Active margins - thick black lines on map of plates. Magma mixes with silica and thickens which creates a pointy volcano and explodes out the top. Pyroclastic - means to break, rocks are broken and thrown into the atmosphere. We evolved near the east african rift so dating ash layers is useful for calibrating dates. Death on the nile: nummulites: coin-sized foraminifera within the bioclastic mokkatam limestone of. Gabbro: igneous rock, same chemistry as flood basalt but didn"t reach the surface and cooled underneath, coarser grained. Rock names having an ancient egyptian source: porphyry, basalt - greenstone, alabaster, syenite, ophiolite. Seismites - deformed sediments that tell us they were deformed by major earthquakes.

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