GGRC26H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: International Paderborn Computer Chess Championship, Ecological Resilience, Decision-Making
GGRC26
Lecture 2: May15/2018
Assignment 1 (all parts) due May 31st on quercus
Environment: surrounding conditions which we live in
-relationship between humans and the world around us (human centric view)
-natural world as a whole/geographical area
-oo good/puli good Agraal
-leads to a certain way of managing the env
IPCC 4 liate itigatio is a puli good; liate hage is a ase of the traged
of the oos.
-some parts of the env can be confined into a small area (ie. Forest in urban area), and
some with no boundaries (ie. River governance flowing through many countries) and each have
different shortcomings in terms of stakeholders wanting to govern.
Tradgedy of commons.
-theorist proposed way of thing/working through env problems
-Pasteur full of sheep(confined enclosed space) with sheep belonging to more than one farmer
-each farmer wants more sheep, with more and more sheep in enclosed Pasteur.
-results in way to many sheep and not enough food
-Pasteur is common property resources with no one owing but free access, thus people want to
use more for to the max for personal gain.
-minimize cost, maximize use
-tragic depletion of resources
-oo propert oos
-all member access
-difficult toexclude from acess
Nature= external
Resources =finite
-separation between people(profit-seeking/rational) and nature (us vs it)
Thomas maldeuas; Too many people
-limit population growth
-limited amount of resources
SOLUTIONS TO TOC
Harding proposed:
Centralized coercions: system is established to regulate use of land
Privitization: a form of mutual coercion/individual land
Common property is not the same as opne access regime
-open access regime: no rules, no property rights, first come first serve (concieved by hardin)
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- privatization is only one form of mutual corercion (not applicable to ocesns, fishieries, other
large scale problems.
Framing env as TOC renders as a governance problem
-can miss the sustematic conditions (political economy)
encompasses a particular worldview
-nature is external
-natire is a resource
-people only have a one-way relationship with nature (people>nature)
-all of thid implies governance is the solution
-TOC doest hallege the sste e lie i e dot eed radial solutions) which is why it is
sTill looked upon TODAY
Environmental governance
-dominant framework
-less radical solutions than what might be suggest by other frameworks
-solutions are still highly contentious
-fraeork is siplisti; fro a ertau perspetie doest appl to all resoures ot a
sheep patch))
Governance: action or manner of governing/managing something
-arrangemnts through which actors can direct their actions
-actors: governments, private actorsm non-gov organizations, communtities,intergov
organizations (ipcc), etc
-arrangemnets: laws, regulations, social norms, standards,etc.
-regulations can be formal or less formal (commonly accepted)
governance does not mean government
institutions: norms or rules governing collective action
-legal systems, cultural, religious practices, informal social norms
age: por of a idiidual or olletio ators to hage the ourse if eets or the
outoes of proesses Biera pg.4
Global governance: counterweight to the neg concequences of economic/ecological
globalization
-outerfore lookig after peoples iterests, regulatig sste so it doest
have such problems associated with it
-anti-freedom, suggesting global goverenance is an impostion on our will as a
country (our opnion/people matter, and UN imposes their desires/thoughts through global
governebace.)
Biermann and pattbergargue that there is an emergence of:
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-New typle of actors/agencies/mechanisms/institutions of global governance
new types of actors: address env problems without being endorsed by state (do so on free will)
- Nonstate actors (NGOs): exclusion of developing countries
- Private actors (profit/non profit): corporations sometimes direct partners
with gov
New types of agencies
-increased autonomyform national gov
-nonstate actors increasingly engage in policy setting
-increasing influence though;
-direct particitpation
old way of env gov
-states, communites, and market agents: all effect env outcomes
-communitiesand industries have the main role in env governance (exl. Colonial
states)
-role of state: regulate oercueved axcesses of resource extraction by private actors
(centralized coercion of concept; if you needed something done, the state would come and
regulate the issue)
different models of governance
state centric:
-massive appropriation of resourceses by colonial and pos-col states
-high exclusion rates
-displacement and marginalization of rural people
0adverse impacts of equity, social and ecological resilience and livelihoods
even in cases if successful state-led conservation (establishment of protected
areas)
Market-based
0involves financial mechanisms (process/quotas/taxes), canbe set by gov or other
actors/creating incentives left to market signals
-problems: assessing physical nature of resourses.
-market does not inherently promote positive environmental outcomes
-can take theenvironemntal problem out of human control
-if youre usingprice signals as a self regulator, the price sigs wont do whatyou
want them t
State: Government/country
Boundary organization: institutuion that strattles the shifting divides between politics
and science
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Document Summary
Leads to a certain way of managing the env. Some parts of the env can be confined into a small area (ie. forest in urban area), and. Relationship between humans and the world around us (human centric view) Ipcc (cid:1006)(cid:1004)(cid:1005)4 (cid:862)(cid:272)li(cid:373)ate (cid:373)itigatio(cid:374) is a pu(cid:271)li(cid:272) good; (cid:272)li(cid:373)ate (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge is a (cid:272)ase of the (cid:858)traged(cid:455) Assignment 1 (all parts) due may 31st on quercus. Environment: surrounding conditions which we live in of the (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)o(cid:374)s(cid:859)(cid:863). some with no boundaries (ie. river governance flowing through many countries) and each have different shortcomings in terms of stakeholders wanting to govern. Theorist proposed way of thing/working through env problems. Pasteur full of sheep(confined enclosed space) with sheep belonging to more than one farmer. Each farmer wants more sheep, with more and more sheep in enclosed pasteur. Results in way to many sheep and not enough food.
