HLTA02H3 Lecture 11: Lecture 11

25 views2 pages

skyhyena673

11 Jan 2012

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Lecture 11 notes y promote aryan race (blonde hair, blue eyes). y starve malnourished person and put them in the cold to see what could be done to make them survive. Did this to test incase it happened to their troops, not to save the jews. They were used in the experiment. y did sterilization technique without the individual knowing. y. Indirect ways: make them fill out a paper and expose them to radiation without them knowing. y direct: needles. y twin: seeing a person in one state and then another. y most of these were documented. Thought they would be obedient and not question the study and know knowledge outside the study. Many considered themselves to be lucky to be in a university study and get care and help and more doctor visits than they normally would get. These groups didn t know about penicillin when it become used in 1942 to cure.

Related Questions

Experimental outcomes in chemistry depend on making sound observations, taking precise measurements and accurately recording them directly in to the laboratory notebook. All experiments and therefore the results will contain errors (experimental error), which can adversely affect the reliability of the experiment and the credibility of the scientist. Experimental error is reduced when students master experimental techniques and become aware of which measurements have the most impact on the experiment in terms of accuracy and precision. Accuracy is determined by comparing the true or actual value to an individual experimental value or the average of many experimental values. If the true value is not given, the average of all the experimental values is assumed to be true value and accuracy is determined by comparing the average to the individual experimental values. Precision is a determined by comparing how close all the experimental values are to each other. The following data was collected by students in your laboratory section. Decide which value to you will use to complete the experimental calculations. The amount of error in your final experimental result depends on your decision. Each student used a different balance and weighed the beaker 4 times. The balances they used in the laboratory read to a hundredth of a gram. The results are shown below were recorded by each individual. What additional information about the students, instruments, and the conditions which the data was collected do you need to better of the evaluate the reliability of the experimental data? Give 1 and briefly (60 words or less, using complete sentences) explain your answer. Which set of data is the most precise? Show all equations and calculations. Briefly (60 words or less, using complete sentences) explain your answer. What student measurements are the least accurate? Briefly (60 words or less, using complete sentences) suggest how this student could improve their experimental techniques. Show all equation and calculations

3. Therapeutic touch (TT) is a technique widely used by nurses to alleviate suffering and promote healing in patients with a wide variety of ailments, including cancer. TT claims that nurses achieve healing and relief by sensing and manipulating a âhuman energy fieldâ that is felt above the patientâs body. A recent scientific study of TT found that, under controlled laboratory conditions in which nurses had to sense the presence of the experimenterâs hand over one of their own without being able to see the person on the other side of a screen, nurses were unable to score significantly above chance (i.e., they had a 50% chance of being correct). The scientists concluded that nurses who practice TT are unable to detect a human energy field, that TT is bogus, and that further professional use of TT is unjustified.

a. Do you agree with the scientistsâ conclusions?

b. Think of reasons why the experiment might not be a valid test of TT and explain your criticisms in detail.

c. Can you devise an experiment that you think would be better in proving or disproving that TT had beneficial effects on patients?

Activity: Dynamic Instability of Microtubules

Part A

What causes catastrophe of the microtubule in vitro?

the lack of tubulin heterodimers

non-motor Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)

GTP hydrolysis

mutation of the Î²-tubulin

Part B

What is the role of GTP in microtubule polymerization?

GTP binds the alpha and beta tubulin subunits together to form the tubulin monomer.

GTP hydrolysis provides the energy for the polymerization of the microtubule.

GTP is a second messenger that signals the need for polymerization/de-polymerization.

GTP stabilizes the tip of the microtubule, allowing more monomers to be added.

Part C

What would happen in the treadmilling experiment if a non-hydrolyzable analogue of GTP were used?

The monomers would be unable to add to the plus end, and the microtubules would shrink until they disappeared.

The microtubule would treadmill until the new tubulin, with non-hydrolyzable GTP, reached the minus end, and then it would only extend at the plus end.

The microtubule would add monomers at both the plus and minus ends, growing in both directions.

The non-hydrolyzable GTP would stabilize both ends, causing treadmilling to stop.

Part D

What is the difference between the plus and minus ends of the microtubule in in vitro experiments?

The beta subunit of the tubulin is exposed on the minus end.

Polymerization occurs at the plus end.

The plus end has a lower critical concentration for tubulin heterodimers.

Catastrophe occurs at the minus end.

Part E

How would the drug taxol affect the in vitro dynamic instability and treadmilling experiments?

Taxol would block catastrophe at the plus end in the dynamic instability experiment but not depolymerization at the minus end in the treadmilling experiment.

Taxol would block the addition of tubulin in both experiments, leading to a destruction of the microtubules.

Taxol would stabilize the microtubules in both experiments, leading to polymerization without catastrophe.

Taxol would block depolymerization at the minus end in the treadmilling experiment but not catastrophe at the plus end in the dynamic instability experiment.

HLTA02H3 Lecture 11: Lecture 11

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

PSYC 3430 Chapter 8: behaviour in groups ch. 8

PSYC 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Norm (Social), Social Influence, 2-Step Garage

JWST 1828 Chapter Notes - Chapter Pages 3-22, 112-115: Elie Wiesel, Kabbalah, Zipporah

Related Questions