HLTB15H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Cohort Study, Longitudinal Study, Quality Control
9 Apr 2020
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Tutorial objectives: identify major design components of observational studies, discuss the strengths and limitations of cohort and case-control studies, critically appraise the application of these components in published studies, including cohort studies. Readings: aschengrau & seage, chapters 8 (cohort studies) and 9 (case-control studies, nolet ps, kristman vl, c t p, et al. Questions: there are two principal types of observational studies: cohort studies and case-control studies. Briefly describe a) what a cohort study is; and b) what a case-control study is (using the traditional view of a case-control study). Similarities: can compare 2 or more exposure groups, follow subjects to monitor outcomes, can monitor more than 1 outcome, select groups for comparability. Strengths: temporality established, can examine multiple outcomes, establishes incidence of disease, quality control measures can be implemented, inexpensive and fast to conduct. Strengths: efficient for rare diseases, efficient for diseases with long induction and latent periods, can evaluate multiple exposures in relation to a disease.
