HLTB21H3 Lecture Notes - Etiology

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10,000bc first agricultural settlements in ne africa, spread to india via trade by ancient egyptian merchants. Earliest evidence on egyptian mummies (1570-1085bc) pharoah ramses v died 1156bc w/pockmarks. 1122 bc - china & ancient indian texts. 18th c- europe known as age of powder and patches since pockmarks were common. Pox comes from anglo-saxton word pocca: pocket / pouch , craterlike scars. Effects: plague of antonine (decline of roman empire). New world in 16th c - fall of aztec and incas empires. Epidemic of natives contributed to the settlement of n america by french & english (1617). Biological warfare- french-indian war (1754 1767) - deliberate use of smallpox to diminish american-indians w/ infected blankets. Slave trade to supplement dying pop spread of smallpox to n. america. Common name: variola virus (can be seen w/naked eye, or w/ electron microscope). Two strains exist: variola major & variola minor. Orthopox virus genus also includes monkeypox, cowpox, camelpox, chickenpox, and ectromelia (mousepox) virus.

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