HLTC23H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Systematic Review, Cohort Study, Grade Retention

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maroongoldfish192

16 Aug 2012

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A systematic review is a careful analysis of already published data, usually from peer-reviewed journal papers. It is a means of generating useful knowledge, drawing on what has already been published. Used to identify effectiveness of treatments, across many trials. Used to inform and shape policy at the government level. In a systematic review, quality control is important. Makes sure that the best science gets evaluated. Also, one can average effect sizes (measures of effectiveness of treatments) and give an overall number of effectiveness. Special clearinghouse for many systematic reviews called the cochrane review. Other types of reviews called realist reviews can go beyond published science to interview people, and survey other forms of data (newspaper articles, etc. Child poverty is a major issue in north america. There are clear ethnic differences (only 57% of african american children could recognize letters by entry to kindergarten, as opposed to 75% white kids.

Related Questions

How is the effectiveness of the treatment regimen evaluated?

ochreimpala461

1. The economic analysis method used when there are alternative ways of attaining a single type of outcome is:

	Cost-effectiveness analysis
	Cost-minimization analysis

	Cost-utility analysis
	Cost-consequence analysis

2. If a new treatment is less costly than an old treatment and the new treatment is more effective then:

	Neither treatment is dominant.
	The old treatment is dominant.

The new treatment is dominant.

3. An example of a holistic measure is:

	Childhood immunization status.
	Tobacco use assessment.

	Adult weight screening.
	Survival time.

4. An example of an economic cost is:

	Taxes.
	Unemployment insurance payments.

	Lost productivity.
	Social security payments.

5. When the outcomes are the same for all of the interventions being studied, then the economic analysis method that can be applied is:

	Cost-minimization analysis.
	Cost-effectiveness analysis.

	Cost-utility analysis
	Cost-consequence analysis

6. A health economist was asked to compare the outcomes and cost of two diabetic therapies that affected both the severity of the disease and the survival rate. What evaluation concept should he/she use?

	Concept of cost-effectiveness
	Concept of cost-utility

	Concept of cost-minimization analysis
	Concept of benefit-Cost

7. A health economist was asked to compare outcomes and costs for two prophylactic medicines that reduced deaths during surgical operations. The interventions did not influence quality of life. What concept should he/she use?

	Concept of cost-effectiveness
	Concept of cost-utility

	Concept of cost-consequence analysis
	Concept of benefit-Cost

8. A health economist was asked whether a new drug that reduced mortality should be used. What concept should he/she use?

	Concept of cost-effectiveness
	Concept of cost-minimization analysis

	Concept of benefit-cost
	Concept of cost-utility

9. To determine which treatment is dominating, what economic analysis method is used?

	Increment cost-effectiveness ratio
	Benefit-cost analysis.

	Cost-minimization analysis
	Cost-consequence analysis

Cost-utility analysis

10. In a population of 1,000 persons at the beginning of the year, 40 die during the year. How many life years were there during the year?

	920 life years
	980 life years

	960 life years
	990 life years

bronzecat728

QALYs (5 pts)

According to a study published in 2009, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio comparing the current dialysis treatment to the next least costly dialysis treatment is $61,294 per life year gained, and $129,090 per QALY. Can you account for the different estimates? (Santerre, p. 103)

purpletermite4

HLTC23H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Systematic Review, Cohort Study, Grade Retention

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