HLTB21H3 Lecture : Lecture Three , Sherman Chapter 3 and 4

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goldrabbit394

20 Jun 2011

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T. a contact information updated for q-z : sera. 8am to 1 pm for tutorial activities : disease ecology . Characterised by parasits with long lived transmission stages such as egg to larvae In order for them to be transmitted it had to be person to person contact ; because pop was scarce. War 431 bce and it lasted for 27 years; the outcome was the plague. Spurta was stronger on land , and athenians stronger on water. Athenians defeated and they were blamed. ( pericles died because of the plague) idea what caused it. Nile valley of egypt : because of agriculture and irrigation (p 44-53) Transmission stages : microscopic eggs , adult worms live in blood vessels of humans , clog them and cause harm to humans. (through the skin) In terms of exposure , it occurred in europe. Estimated 200 million people get effected , and 1 million deaths (occurs wherever there is contaminated water)

Related Questions

1. The three infectious diseases that cause the majority ofdeaths worldwide are influenza, hepatitis B, and malaria.

True False

Although it is normally transmitted by mosquitoes, malaria couldpotentially be transmitted by blood transfusions as the parasitethat causes it lives in the blood.

True

False

3. The overuse of ____________________ can cause bacteria todevelop genetic resistance.

4. Chagas is the most important parasitic illness in _______causing 40,000 deaths each year.

		Latin America
		Australia
		Asia
		Europe
		North America

5. List four factors that are responsible for emerginginfectious disease.

6. The Ebola virus is spread through casual contact.

True

False

tanpig844

Match each of the descriptions given below (symptoms, geographicdistribution, mode of transmission, etc.) with the viral diseasethat is the most likely cause. (Hint: look up all of the virusesand the diseases they cause, then try to do the problem.)

A yellow fever

B herpes (HSV-2)

C measles (rubeola)

D rotovirus

E ebola fever

F rabies

G HPV-16 (human papilloma virus)

H smallpox

1.The patient, who is a sexually active young adult, has genitalwarts.

2. The patient is a baby who was hospitalized because ofdehydration due to severe diarrhea. Patient also displays vomitingand low grade fever. An electronmicrograph of a stool sample showsa nonenveloped virus with an icosahedral symmetry (sort of round)that is about 70 nm in diameter.

3. The disease is an extremely severe hemmorhagic fever that isthought to be transmitted by contact with blood or bodily fluidsfrom an infected person (or possibly an animal but the naturalreservoir for this virus is currently unknown). An electronmicrograph shows the virus to be filamentous. Infections arefrequently fatal with most cases occurring in The Rebublic ofCongo, Zaire and Uganda.

4. The disease is a hemmorhagic fever that is transmitted bymosquitoes. An electron micrograph shows the virus to have anenveloped icosahedral capsid. The disease used to be common in Cubaand Panama. A patient suffers from internal bleeding that resultsin jaundice.

redwallaby916

30. Microbe-Human Interactions.

a. Define pathogen, disease, normal flora. Under what conditions might a normal flora organism cause disease.

b. What parts of the body should stay absolutely sterile under normal circumstances.

c. How are Kochâs postulates used.

d. Define communicable, non-communicable, acute, chronic, endemic, epidemic, pandemic,

symptomatic, asymptomatic, and subclinical.

e. For a disease to be spread, there must be a reservoir, mode of transmission, and portal of entry.

f. For humans, what is the most significant reservoir.

g. Define : direct contact, droplet transmission, indirect contact, vehicle transmission, arthropod vectors

h. For a microorganism to cause disease, it typically must attach to host tissue, overcome the host defense, and cause tissue damage.What structures are used for attachment.What are some ways in which microorganisms overcome the host immune system.What distinguishes exotoxins from endotoxin.

31. Immune Defenses.

a. What are the major elements of the first, second, and third lines of defense.

b. What are the steps of phagocytosis and inflammation? What are the 3 complement pathways?

c. Which lines of defense are considered specific? Which are considered non-specific?

d. There are two major types of specific immunity, humoral and cell-mediated.

e. Humoral immunity involves B cells and antibodies. What are the major classes and activities of antibodies.

f. Cell mediated immunity involves T cells. What are 2 major types of T cells? What are their activities.

32. Staphylococcus aureus.

a. Gram positive cocci in grape-like clusters.

b. Skin infections (scalded skin syndrome, impetigo) (many other types of infection are also possible).

33. Streptococcus pyogenes.

a. Gram positive cocci in chains.

a. Strep throat, skin/wound infections (impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis âflesh eating diseaseâ), scarlet fever (other types of infection are also possible)

burgundymallard431

HLTB21H3 Lecture : Lecture Three , Sherman Chapter 3 and 4

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