HLTB21H3 Lecture 11: lecture 11

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rosemuskrat776

2 Nov 2010

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The sharing of needles or equipment for injecting drugs, tattooing, skin. Pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding (from an hiv-infected mother to her. Human immunodeficiency virus attacks the immune system resulting in chronic, progressive illness. Leaves people vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers. Results in aids (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) when the body can no longer fight infections. On average - it takes more than 10 years for the disease to progress hiv aids. Replicates to produce viral dna from its rna genome. Hiv-2, primarily found in west africa - where virus may have been in circulation since the 1960s and 1970s. Must enter the bloodstream piercing or acupuncture infant) Hiv makes contact with t-helper lymphocyte (t4 or cd4 cells) Functions of t4: to orchestrate the immune system in the event of attack from harmful foreign invaders. Results in the decline of immune system. Healthy person has 800-1200 cd4 cells/ mm3.

Related Questions

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infects helper T cells.What is the role of these cells in the immune system (be ascomplete as possible)? How does the loss of these cells lead to theprofound immunodeficiency seen in people who develop AIDS (AcquiredImmune Defiiciency Syndrome) as a result of being infected withthis virus.

1
Which of the following is a component of the HIV virus ?
A
DNA
B
Capsid
C
Nucleus
D
CD4 receptor
Answered
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2
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Homework
2
What is the function of Reverse Transcriptase?
A
To insert the viral RNA into the host DNA.
B
To make an RNA copy of the viral RNA.
C
To make an RNA copy of the viral DNA.
D
To make a DNA copy of the viral RNA.
E
To insert the viral DNA into the host DNA.
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3
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3
Which of the following stages describes a HIV patient in who has a large number of severe opportunistic infections?
A
Primary HIV infection-lasts for a few weeks
B
Clinically asymptomatic stage-lasts for an average of ten years
C
Symptomatic HIV infection
D
Clinical AIDS
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4
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4
Which of the following individuals should be tested for HIV?
A
A newborn child
B
Alex, who studies excessively
C
Sarah, who takes birth control
D
Joe, who uses intravenous steroids
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5
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5
Harry engaged in risky activity that may have lead to exposure to HIV. Two and a half weeks later, he had an HIV test done and it showed a positive result. Which test most likely was done?
A
CD4 test
B
HIV antibody test
C
PCR test
D
Viral load test
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6
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6
How does an Integrase inhibitor work against the HIV virus?
A
It inhibits the generation of viral DNA from viral RNA.
B
It prevents the entry of HIV into the host cell.
C
It inhibits viral proteins from being inserted into new virus particles.
D
It prevents viral DNA from being inserted into host DNA.
E
It prevents the generation of new viral proteins.
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7
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7
How does a Protease inhibitor work to treat HIV infection?
A
It prevents the release of new viral particles.
B
It cleaves viral proteins interfering with their function.
C
It prevents the cleavage of host DNA preventing viral DNA from being inserted into host DNA.
D
It cleaves Reverse transcriptase preventing the generation of viral DNA.
E
It prevents the binding of gp120 to the CD4 protein.
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8
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8
Which of the following describes a combination therapy for HIV infected persons?
A
A preparation used for stimulating a viral response in the body.
B
A single drug given to HIV infected people since interactions with other medications may promote complications in treatment.
C
A drug cocktail-or-combination of antiviral drugs given to HIV infected people since they can be more effective than when given individually
D
A preparation used for stimulating an immune response in the body.
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9
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9
answerable question reference
For HIV to reproduce, which of the following is most critical?
A
Infecting new subjects
B
Producing a Provirus
C
Entering the host cells
D
Taking over the function of DNA in the cell
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10
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Homework
10
HIV is a virus which has the following characteristic?
A
It takes of the RNA of the host cell which subsequently by way of transcription and translation makes new virus
B
It attacks the RNA of the host cell causing cellular death
C
It attacks the DNA of the host cell causing cellular death
D
It takes over the DNA of the host cell which subsequently by way of transcription and translation makes new virus

Question 1 10 pts

What three kinds of cells are infected by HIV?

macrophages, T-Helper cells and dendritic cells

B-cells, skin cells and T-helper cells

B-cells, T-Helper cells and T-killer cells

macrophages, dendritic cells and cytotoxic T-cells

Question 2 10 pts

Sometimes an HIV infected cell is not killed immediately after infection, but lives on, and continues to be a source of the infection for the lifetime of the patient. What is the mechanism that allows the HIV virus to remain in the cell, to get passed down to all descendants of that cell, and to retain the ability to be reactivated for the lifetime of the patient?

Question 3 10 pts

List the three processes that viruses are dependent on their host cells for.

Question 4 10 pts

What does the ELISA test for HIV infection measure?

HIV-specific antibodies

Hepatitis B-specific antibodies

circulating HIV particles

HIV-specific DNA

Question 5 10 pts

What is the cell surface receptor for HIV?

CD4

CD8

MHCII

HIV

Question 6 10 pts

What is the likely origin of HIV-1?

infection of humans by a simian virus native to the chimpanzee

germ warfare research by the CIA

sexually transmitted to humans through relations with sheep

a new human-chimpanzee hybrid virus accidentally made in a laboratory with recombinant DNA

Question 7 10 pts

How does AZT block the production of infectious virus?

It acts as a substitute for a DNA nucleotide that can only be inserted by the viral reverse transcriptase. The presence of the AZT in the DNA aborts the production of new viral DNA.

It directly blocks the reverse transcriptase.

It blocks the protease that cuts apart the three viral proteins, which is a necessary step during viral synthesis.

It blocks the adsorption of the virus to the CXCR4 and CCR5 receptors on the T-cell surface.

Question 8 10 pts

How do protease inhibitors work?

It blocks the protease that cuts apart the three viral proteins, which is a necessary step during viral synthesis.

It directly blocks the reverse transcriptase.

It acts as a substitute for a DNA nucleotide that can only be inserted by the viral reverse transcriptase. The presence of the AZT in the DNA aborts the production of new viral DNA.

It blocks the adsorption of the virus to the CXCR4 and CCR5 receptors on the T-cell surface.

Question 9 10 pts

What are the 2 most common causes of a false negative result in the HIV test?

Questions 10-13

The next set of 4 questions deal with the possible ways that a virus, not necessarily the HIV, can enter the body. Answer TRUE or FALSE to each question.

Question 10 2.5 pts

Some viruses can enter the body through breaks in the skin.

True

False

Question 11 2.5 pts

Some viruses can enter the body through the anal/genital tract.

True

False

Question 12 2.5 pts

Some viruses can enter the body through the oral cavity and the digestive tract.

True

False

Question 13 2.5 pts

Some viruses can enter the body through inhalation via the respiratory tract.

True

False

HLTB21H3 Lecture 11: lecture 11

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