IDSB04H3 Lecture : chapter 5
Document Summary
Virtually all societies have gone trough a transition from: This is a theory, not a fact, generation of families over time is an example, family household decreases with each generation. Thomas r. malthus, an essay on the principle of population (1798): population increases geometrically ;subsistence arithmetically. Poverty is the result unless there is moral restraint. Problem is increasing arable land, watering, fertilization, and industrial agriculture. Karl marx, das kapital (1867): each mode of production has its corresponding mode of reproduction. Feudalism where people where tied to land and the more offspring a family had the more people were able to harvest therefore you had a low fertility rate. Shift from subsistence agriculture to factory means smaller family size needed. Higher marginal cost of extra child in urban setting/decline of multi-family household. More women educated and in paid labor force. Education could be more work opportunities but it also mean more knowledge about contraceptive more negotiating power in the family.