PHLB09H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Primum Non Nocere, Paradigm Shift, Informed Consent
Document Summary
Beauchamp and childress" four principles approach: nonmaleficence duty not to harm people, beneficence welfare of people, respect autonomy duty about self-right, justice duty to be fair. Rossian model: principles have prima facie significance, each moral factor can outweigh another, when principles conflict (e. g. autonomy vs justice), the stronger" factor/s determines the duty. Principle of autonomy: respect the agency/self-determination of people. Informed consent: avoid lying, avoid coercion, respect for autonomy + beneficence, patient"s right to refuse treatment, in general, the right to refuse treatment overrides considerations of beneficence. Autonomy: limitations: respect for the autonomous decision-making of patients reflects a paradigm shift in ethics, nonetheless: autonomy has apparent limitations, autonomy and nonmaleficence, physician"s right to conscientious refusal. Duty of beneficence: improve the health + well-being of patients. Duty of nonmaleficence: avoid harming patients. Violating the duty of nonmaleficence: providing a drug that results from. Violating the duty of beneficence: failing to treat a patient when appropriate treatment is possible.
