PHLA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Phantom Limb, Foundationalism
Document Summary
Phla10: lecture 17 the problem of induction (continued) The choice is very difficult because you don"t know what b will decide to do. Note how sober divides knowledge claims into 3 levels: indubitable beliefs (a priori / introspectible, present and past observations, predictions and generalizations. Descartes had problems getting from 1 to 2. Hume adds problems getting from 2 to 3. Sober thinks there is no way to: move deductively from a level to a higher level, even use lower level stuff as evidence as higher level. That is, if one is restricted to the lower level t his is because something is evidence only relative to additional background beliefs": example: phantom limb pain. Suppose we have this evidence: we have examined 10,000 emeralds and they are all green. Notice that x is not a level 2 statement. Sober"s thesis: no strictly level n statements justify any level n+1 statements.
