PSYB45H3 Lecture Notes - Critical Role, Mull, Confounding

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5 Nov 2012
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Science is the pursuit of systemized knowledge through observation. Refers to both to a method and to a goal. Always important for scientific observations and explanations to be testable and reliable. Propositions and ideas be stated in a clear and precise way then can be exposed to systematic probes and tests. Statements, theories, and assertions must be testable in the public arena and subject to disproof. Also the requirement that each observation that contributes to a scientific body of knowledge be replicable or reliable: must occur under prescribed circumstances not once, but repeatedly. If it cannot be reproduced, scientists become wary of the legitimacy of the original observation. A theory is a set of propositions meant to explain a class of phenomena. Goal of science is to advance theories to account for data, often by proposing cause effect relationships. Allows the adequacy of theories to be evaluated can also guide research by suggesting that certain additional data be collected.

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