PSYB45H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Literature Review, Ethology, Intellectual Disability
Document Summary
In the news : the dancing traffic light, https://www. youtube. com/watch?v=sb_0vrnkeok o. Highlights the importance of self-control and behaviour change programs. Token economies: a behavioural program in which individuals can earn tokens for a variety of desirable behaviours and can exchange the earned tokens for backup reinforcers. Longstanding approach in behaviour modification: advantages: Tokens can be given immediately following desirable behaviour. Tokens can be paired with multiple different backup reinforcers (generalized conditioned reinforcers) Useful for diverse groups, with different reinforcer preferences. Satiation is less likely: used in many different types of settings. Healthcare (chores like setting plates in bin) Setting up a token economy: decide on the target behaviour(s) Clearly defined and identifiable: gather baseline data. Can help with selecting backup reinforcers: select backup reinforcers. Take ethical considerations into account: select the type of tokens to use. Some desirable characteristics: durable; easy to handle and manage; difficult to steal and counterfeit: identify available help/support.
