ANT208H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Evolutionary Medicine, Medicalization, Arthur Kleinman

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22 Oct 2014
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Cultural traditions and healing systems: becoming a healer, western biomedicine, evidence-based medicine, alternative medicine, complementary medicine, medical pluralism. Healing: to restore health: uniquely, humans intervene, we have healers , social role. All healing systems share: theories of cause, diagnostic criteria, therapeutic interventions, formal patient-healer interactions, mechanisms to select + train healers. Most cultures construct + legitimize healing roles: i. e. doctors , nurses, therapists, shamans, medicine people, witch doctors, priests, folk practitioners. Healers: often specialists, diagnose + initiate treatment process, accrue/ possess skill + power (+/- wealth) Diagnosis: self-diagnosis harnesses difficulties (misdiagnosis, everybody = body-self + social body + collective body, misdiagnosis = malpractice. Social factors in treatment response: placebo: improvement with experience of treatment (not due to the treatment itself, nocebo: causation of sickness/ death by expectations. Evidence based medicine: systematic research, peer review, hierarchy of quality, filtered information: 1. Critically-appraised individual articles (article synopses: unfiltered information: 1. Case-controlled studies/case series/reports: bottom of pyramid: background information/expert opinion.

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