ARH305H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Matrilocal Residence, Enculturation, Central Place Theory
Document Summary
Resource structure conditions group size and location. Homogeneous resource distribution (stable, evenly dispersed food resources, ex. pinyon nuts): optimal settlement pattern is several small groups, dispersed locations. Patchy resource structure (mobile, clumped resources, ex. salmon, reindeer): optimal settlement pattern is fewer, larger, aggregated groups. Dispersion/aggregation of settlement is continuum; can be measured by nearest. Neighbor analysis (nna: people distribution through a landscape, three patterns: clustered, random, regular o. Measures the degree of randomness (rn) of settlement points. Rn= observed distance to nn divided by expected distance to nn. To calculate expected distance to nn : determine observed site density, N of sites divided by area (km2: expected distance to nn = 1 divided by square root of observed density. Don"t need to know how to do a nn calculation for the test. Settlement pattern hierarchies expected in complex societies; hierarchy of sites by size, function and architecture.
